Try below snippet would work.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
  $("input").change(function(){
    alert("The text has been changed.");
    $("#transferredValue").val(this.value)
  });
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input  type="text">
<p></p>
</body>
</html>
Another Way you could try:
<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script>
    $(document).ready(function(){
    $("#valueInput").on('change', function(){
      var changeValue =  $("#valueInput").val();
         alert(changeValue);
       });
    });
    </script>
    </head>
    <body>
    <input type="text" id="valueInput" />
    <p></p>
    </body>
    </html>