As select statement without an order by clause should be considered to have no particular order (see this question), it seems to be unreliable to use PagingAndSortingRepository.findAll(Pageable pageable), because there is no guarantee that each page will have unique rows. Is it so?
To elaborate on my concern, assume we have 20 rows with ids in range [1, 20]. Assume client makes request for the first page of size = 10, and gets rows with ids [1, 10]. Assume client makes a request for the second page. Expected result is to see rows with ids [11, 20]. However, since there is no guarantee on ordering, the second query is not guaranteed to return [11, 20], and can include any rows with ids [1, 10].
Is the concern valid?