Vue CLI documentation for Preload states:
By default, a Vue CLI app will automatically generate prefetch hints
for all JavaScript files generated for async chunks (as a result of
on-demand code splitting via dynamic import()).
The hints are injected using @vue/preload-webpack-plugin and can be
modified / deleted via chainWebpack as config.plugin('prefetch').
Note for multi page setups
When using a multipage setup, the plugin name above should be changed
to match the structure 'prefetch-{pagename}', for example
'prefetch-app'.
There is an issue opened because this documented solution has been outdated.
However, a working solutions is needing only slight modification as the plugins property's structure has been changed. Here's an example elaborated with a multipage setup:
// File: vue.config.js
// Loading app's default title from a custom property in package.json
const { title } = require('./package.json');
module.exports = {
  // You may omit this 'pages' property if not using multipage setup
  pages: {
    app: {
      title,
      entry: 'src/main.ts',
      template: 'public/index.html',
      filename: 'index.html',
      excludeChunks: ['silentRenewOidc'],
    },
    silentRenewOidc: {
      entry: 'src/silentRenewOidc.ts',
      template: 'public/silent-renew.html',
      filename: 'silent-renew.html',
      excludeChunks: ['app'],
    },
  },
  chainWebpack: (config) => {
    // Disable prefetch and preload of async modules for 'app' page
    config.plugins.store.delete('prefetch-app');
    config.plugins.store.delete('preload-app');
    // Use this syntax if not using multipage setup
    // config.plugins.store.delete('prefetch');
    // config.plugins.store.delete('preload');
  },
};