The Gradle documentation suggests that "Maven uses [its local repository] as a cache, not a repository". This cache can be cleared manually, but how long does Maven cache artifacts before refetching artifact metadata or artifacts themselves?
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                    4Simply never except for SNAPSHOT which can be configured by using the updatePolicy in settings.xml (https://maven.apache.org/settings.html). For releases it makes no sense cause releases are immutable. – khmarbaise Mar 26 '21 at 09:14
 
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            Maven expects non--SNAPSHOT artifacts to be immutable. Once a release has been fetched, Maven will not refresh metadata or artifacts again. Neither will it evict or clear down the cache, although you may wish to do this yourself.
As @khmarbaise's comment notes:
except for SNAPSHOT which can be configured by using the updatePolicy in settings.xml (https://maven.apache.org/settings.html)
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                    I don't think it is generally true. Maven checks and downloads the release versions again after some time. I couldn't find a rule when and why it happens. – 30thh Mar 29 '23 at 13:29