I was able to narrow down what was causing the error for me by using adb logcat and tracing the app.
The issue stemmed from both <Input> (from react-native-elements) and <TextInput> (from react-native).  Both would cause the error, and the app would run without error if I commented out any Input/TextInput elements in the Componenets.
I wasn't quite able to get it to work with @kangear 's response, but it was close.  After a lot of digging and testing, I was able to get the app to work properly with the following line of code in android\app\build.gradle, in dependencies section:
implementation ("androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.3.1") {
    version {
        strictly '1.3.1'
    }
}
I tried just using implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.3.1', but that wouldn't work either.
Hope this is able to save someone some time, as it took me quite a long time to figure it out!