There are several Stack Overflow questions like How can I check if a background image is loaded? which are similar to mine. They attempt to run code when an element's background-image loads, and accomplish this by adding an onload handler to the element.
But what if you are running (for instance) a Puppeteer script, which checks the page after it has already loaded? In that case you can't add onload handlers.
Is there any way to verify that the background-image of an element loaded, "after the fact", without using onload?
The only way I can think of is to grab their background-image style, then fetch the image myself to see if it loads ... but that seems a lot slower than just asking the browser (somehow) if the image loaded ... especially if I'm checking a lot of background-images.