How do I pass multiple parameters in Objective-C?

Question

I have read several of the post about Objective-C method syntax but I guess I don't understand multiple names for a method.

I'm trying to create a method called getBusStops with NSString and NSTimeInterval parameters and a return type of NSMutableArray. This is how I have constructed the method but it obviously gets errors at runtime:

- (NSMutableArray *)getBusStops:(NSString *)busStop
                                (NSTimeInterval *)timeInterval;

I saw another example with a method:

-(NSInteger)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)pickerView
            numberOfRowsInComponent:(NSInteger)component

I don't understand why this method has a method name for each parameter. Should I do the same with something like:

- (NSMutableArray *)getBusStops:(NSString *)busStop
                        forTime:(NSTimeInterval *)timeInterval

score 169 · Answer 1 · edited Nov 11 '21 at 13:28

169

You need to delimit each parameter name with a ":" at the very least. Technically the name is optional, but it is recommended for readability. So you could write:

- (NSMutableArray*)getBusStops:(NSString*)busStop :(NSTimeInterval*)timeInterval;

or what you suggested:

- (NSMutableArray*)getBusStops:(NSString*)busStop forTime:(NSTimeInterval*)timeInterval;

edited Nov 11 '21 at 13:28

Tamás Sengel

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answered Apr 06 '09 at 18:50

E.M.

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+1: Objective-C function arguments are indeed positional, not named, so the label is optional and for human consumption. – Jarret Hardie Apr 06 '09 at 18:53
not sure why "forTime" is preferred in the signature, "timeInterval" can be used as the 2nd parameter in the function, right? – galactica Sep 19 '18 at 01:02
@galactica - Sure, the name can be whatever makes the most sense to you. This example uses the OP's terminology for consistency. – E.M. Sep 21 '18 at 01:13
3

Still not sure what is `forTime` used for? – mrgloom Sep 26 '18 at 17:32
`forTime` makes calling the method read more like an English sentence. E.g., `[array getBusStops:... forTime:...];` – E.M. Aug 02 '22 at 17:13

score 126 · Accepted Answer · answered Apr 06 '09 at 19:00

126

Objective-C doesn't have named parameters, so everything on the left side of a colon is part of the method name. For example,

getBusStops: forTime:

is the name of the method. The name is broken up so it can be more descriptive. You could simply name your method

getBusStops: :

but that doesn't tell you much about the second parameter.

answered Apr 06 '09 at 19:00

Terry Wilcox

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That's so ugly (excuse me) to me who have been using c# for 6 years and swift 1+ year. I really could not get method signature and had to google it – Riddik Mar 04 '22 at 05:16

score 74 · Answer 3 · answered Apr 06 '09 at 19:08

Yes; the Objective-C method syntax is like this for a couple of reasons; one of these is so that it is clear what the parameters you are specifying are. For example, if you are adding an object to an NSMutableArray at a certain index, you would do it using the method:

- (void)insertObject:(id)anObject atIndex:(NSUInteger)index;

This method is called insertObject:atIndex: and it is clear that an object is being inserted at a specified index.

In practice, adding a string "Hello, World!" at index 5 of an NSMutableArray called array would be called as follows:

NSString *obj = @"Hello, World!";
int index = 5;

[array insertObject:obj atIndex:index];

This also reduces ambiguity between the order of the method parameters, ensuring that you pass the object parameter first, then the index parameter. This becomes more useful when using functions that take a large number of arguments, and reduces error in passing the arguments.

Furthermore, the method naming convention is such because Objective-C doesn't support overloading; however, if you want to write a method that does the same job, but takes different data-types, this can be accomplished; take, for instance, the NSNumber class; this has several object creation methods, including:

+ (id)numberWithBool:(BOOL)value;
+ (id)numberWithFloat:(float)value;
+ (id)numberWithDouble:(double)value;

In a language such as C++, you would simply overload the number method to allow different data types to be passed as the argument; however, in Objective-C, this syntax allows several different variants of the same function to be implemented, by changing the name of the method for each variant of the function.

are the parameter names required during method call (message send) if the function name includes parameter names ? — Naveen, Apr 12 '10 at 04:52

sigjuice · Answer 4 · 2009-04-06T19:45:47.127

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The text before each parameter is part of the method name. From your example, the name of the method is actually

-getBusStops:forTime:

Each : represents an argument. In a method call, the method name is split at the :s and arguments appear after the :s. e.g.

[getBusStops: arg1 forTime: arg2]

edited Apr 06 '09 at 19:45

answered Apr 06 '09 at 19:34

sigjuice

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I think you forgot to add the name of the method. – Özgür Apr 02 '10 at 12:09

score 17 · Answer 5 · edited Apr 24 '18 at 10:36

17

for create method:

-(void)mymethods:(NSString *)aCont withsecond:(NSString *)a-second {
//method definition...
}

for call the method:

[mymethods:self.contoCorrente withsecond:self.asecond];

edited Apr 24 '18 at 10:36

BharathRao

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answered Oct 14 '15 at 08:14

VITROXMAN

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score -2 · Answer 6 · edited Mar 27 '17 at 11:45

(int) add: (int) numberOne plus: (int) numberTwo ;
(returnType) functionPrimaryName : (returnTypeOfArgumentOne) argumentName functionSecondaryNa

me:

(returnTypeOfSecontArgument) secondArgumentName ;

as in other languages we use following syntax void add(int one, int second) but way of assigning arguments in OBJ_c is different as described above

How do I pass multiple parameters in Objective-C?

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