I hope that you mean you set a username HTTP header in request.
The HTTP Inbound Channel Adapter (or Gateway) come with a DefaultHttpHeaderMapper by default. This one does only standard HTTP Request headers mapping by default:
private static final String[] HTTP_REQUEST_HEADER_NAMES =
        {
                HttpHeaders.ACCEPT,
                HttpHeaders.ACCEPT_CHARSET,
                HttpHeaders.ACCEPT_ENCODING,
                HttpHeaders.ACCEPT_LANGUAGE,
                HttpHeaders.ACCEPT_RANGES,
                HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION,
                HttpHeaders.CACHE_CONTROL,
                HttpHeaders.CONNECTION,
                HttpHeaders.CONTENT_LENGTH,
                HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE,
                HttpHeaders.COOKIE,
                HttpHeaders.DATE,
                HttpHeaders.EXPECT,
                HttpHeaders.FROM,
                HttpHeaders.HOST,
                HttpHeaders.IF_MATCH,
                HttpHeaders.IF_MODIFIED_SINCE,
                HttpHeaders.IF_NONE_MATCH,
                HttpHeaders.IF_RANGE,
                HttpHeaders.IF_UNMODIFIED_SINCE,
                HttpHeaders.MAX_FORWARDS,
                HttpHeaders.PRAGMA,
                HttpHeaders.PROXY_AUTHORIZATION,
                HttpHeaders.RANGE,
                HttpHeaders.REFERER,
                HttpHeaders.TE,
                HttpHeaders.UPGRADE,
                HttpHeaders.USER_AGENT,
                HttpHeaders.VIA,
                HttpHeaders.WARNING
        };
To include your custom header into a message this channel adapter produces, you just need to incorporate this configuration option:
/**
 * Provide the pattern array for request headers to map.
 * @param patterns the patterns for request headers to map.
 * @return the current Spec.
 * @see DefaultHttpHeaderMapper#setOutboundHeaderNames(String[])
 */
public S mappedRequestHeaders(String... patterns) {
and use, for example, just * to map all the headers, or if your requirements are strict only for your headers, then pass their names over there.
See more info in docs: https://docs.spring.io/spring-integration/docs/current/reference/html/http.html#http-header-mapping