Facing an error whilst testing the repository in Spring Boot Application

Question

I am working on project using Spring Boot (version 3.0.5). I am trying to test UserRepository if my Client and Hairdresser(which are the children of the User class) are saved fine in the repo. However, I get an error whilst trying to save the Client, Hairdresser works fine.

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UserRepositoryTest.java:

package com.edoyou.k2sbeauty.repositories;

import com.edoyou.k2sbeauty.entities.model.Client;
import com.edoyou.k2sbeauty.entities.model.Hairdresser;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.jdbc.AutoConfigureTestDatabase;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.TestPropertySource;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;

@DataJpaTest
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace = AutoConfigureTestDatabase.Replace.NONE)
@TestPropertySource(locations = "classpath:application-test.properties")
public class UserRepositoryTest {
    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;
    private Client client;
    private Hairdresser hairdresser;

    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() {
        client = new Client();
        client.setFirstName("Barbara");
        client.setLastName("O'Conner");
        client.setEmail("myemail@gmail.com");
        client.setPassword("password");
        client.setPhone("36707733373");
        client.setCreatedAt(LocalDateTime.now());
        client.setUpdatedAt(LocalDateTime.now());

        hairdresser = new Hairdresser();
        hairdresser.setFirstName("Jane");
        hairdresser.setLastName("Doe");
        hairdresser.setEmail("jane.doe@gmail.com");
        hairdresser.setPassword("password");
        hairdresser.setPhone("36707733444");
        hairdresser.setCreatedAt(LocalDateTime.now());
        hairdresser.setUpdatedAt(LocalDateTime.now());
        hairdresser.setSpecialization("Hairstyling");
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldSaveClient() {
        Client savedClient = userRepository.save(client);
        assertThat(savedClient).isNotNull();
        assertThat(savedClient.getId()).isNotNull();
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldSaveHairdresser() {
        Hairdresser savedHairdresser = userRepository.save(hairdresser);
        assertThat(savedHairdresser).isNotNull();
        assertThat(savedHairdresser.getId()).isNotNull();
    }
}

shouldSaveHairdresser() test is fine, shouldSaveClient() test method fails.

User.java:

package com.edoyou.k2sbeauty.entities.model;

import jakarta.persistence.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
public class User {

  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
  private Long id;

  @Column(nullable = false)
  private String firstName;

  @Column(nullable = false)
  private String lastName;

  @Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
  private String email;

  @Column(nullable = false)
  private String password;

  @Column(nullable = false)
  private String phone;

  @Column(nullable = false)
  private LocalDateTime createdAt;

  @Column(nullable = false)
  private LocalDateTime updatedAt;

  @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
  @JoinTable(name = "user_roles",
      joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id"),
      inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "role_id"))
  private Set<Role> roles = new HashSet<>();

  public void setId(Long id) {
    this.id = id;
  }

  public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
    this.firstName = firstName;
  }

  public void setLastName(String lastName) {
    this.lastName = lastName;
  }

  public void setEmail(String email) {
    this.email = email;
  }

  public void setPassword(String password) {
    this.password = password;
  }

  public void setPhone(String phone) {
    this.phone = phone;
  }

  public void setCreatedAt(LocalDateTime createdAt) {
    this.createdAt = createdAt;
  }

  public void setUpdatedAt(LocalDateTime updatedAt) {
    this.updatedAt = updatedAt;
  }

  public void setRoles(Set<Role> roles) {
    this.roles = roles;
  }

  public Long getId() {
    return id;
  }

  public String getFirstName() {
    return firstName;
  }

  public String getLastName() {
    return lastName;
  }

  public String getEmail() {
    return email;
  }

  public String getPassword() {
    return password;
  }

  public String getPhone() {
    return phone;
  }

  public LocalDateTime getCreatedAt() {
    return createdAt;
  }

  public LocalDateTime getUpdatedAt() {
    return updatedAt;
  }

  public Set<Role> getRoles() {
    return roles;
  }
}

Hairdresser.java:

package com.edoyou.k2sbeauty.entities.model;

import jakarta.persistence.*;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@Entity
@Table(name = "hairdressers")
public class Hairdresser extends User {
  @Column(nullable = false)
  private String specialization;

  @OneToMany(mappedBy = "hairdresser")
  private Set<Appointment> appointments = new HashSet<>();

  public void setSpecialization(String specialization) {
    this.specialization = specialization;
  }

  public void setAppointments(Set<Appointment> appointments) {
    this.appointments = appointments;
  }

  public String getSpecialization() {
    return specialization;
  }

  public Set<Appointment> getAppointments() {
    return appointments;
  }
}

Client.java:

package com.edoyou.k2sbeauty.entities.model;

import jakarta.persistence.*;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@Entity
@Table(name = "clients")
public class Client extends User {
  @OneToMany(mappedBy = "client")
  private Set<Appointment> appointments = new HashSet<>();

  public void setAppointments(Set<Appointment> appointments) {
    this.appointments = appointments;
  }

  public Set<Appointment> getAppointments() {
    return appointments;
  }
}

ERROR:

2023-04-27 10:20:42.145 ERROR 43965 --- [main] o.h.e.j.s.SqlExceptionHelper             : Field 'specialization' doesn't have a default value

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Here is the full view of the database tables:

Answer 1

There were reasons that UserRepositoryTest was failing.

• First, @Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.JOINED) annotation should have added right above the User class as it is the base class for Client and Hairdresser. Here is the modified form of the User class:

@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
@Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.JOINED)
public class User { ... }

• Second, there was a problem with my database as it was changed during the development and not updated. So, the solution was dropping the table, and it's done by adding create-drop to the configuration file, in my case it's application.properties:

spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create-drop