google maui c# markup apply style returns first hit:
C# Markup.
Some markup extensions require these steps:
- Install nuget 
CommunityToolkit.Maui.Markup. 
using CommunityToolkit.Maui.Markup; at top of source file. 
Define and apply a Style in C#
Searching that doc for "Style" gives a link to Style<T>, which contains this example:
using CommunityToolkit.Maui.Markup;
...
  new Label
  {
    Style = new Style<Entry>(
            (Entry.TextColorProperty, Colors.Red),
            (Entry.BackgroundColorProperty, Colors.White),
            (Entry.FontAttributesProperty, FontAttributes.Bold))
  }
As well as other useful information about applying Style in C#.
As with any c#, if you want to re-use a style, store it in a member:
public static Style MyStyle;
public static void InitMyStyle()
{
    MyStyle = new Style<Entry>(
            (Entry.TextColorProperty, Colors.Red),
            (Entry.BackgroundColorProperty, Colors.White),
            (Entry.FontAttributesProperty, FontAttributes.Bold));
}
...
    InitMyStyle();
    var myentry = new Entry
    {
        Style = MyStyle
    };
Automatically apply a C#-defined Style ("Implicit Style")
(I haven't found any doc that shows C# for this technique. I show how, after the XAML.)
XAML
Style apps using XAML / Implicit Styles shows how to define (in XAML) a Style that will be applied to ALL elements of a given type (those that don't explicitly set their Style property):
<ContentPage.Resources>
    <Style TargetType="Label">
        <Setter Property="BackgroundColor" Value="Yellow" />
        <Setter Property="TextColor" Value="Blue" />
    </Style>
</ContentPage.Resources>
(Similar can be done for the entire app, by defining in App.xaml.
In default Maui template, there is a similar definition in styles.xaml,
which is included in App.xaml's MergedDictionaries.)
C#
To define this "Implicit Style" in C#, add it to a ResourceDictionary.
To add it to App's global dictionary:
public App()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    InitImplicitStyles();   // Added
    MainPage = new AppShell();
}
private void InitImplicitStyles()
{
    var myLabelStyle = new Style<Label>(
        (Label.TextColorProperty, Colors.Blue),
        (Label.BackgroundColorProperty, Colors.Yellow));
        
    ResourceDictionary rd = this.Resources;
    // This overrides the one in styles.xaml.
    // An Implicit Style is looked up using UI Element's FullName.
    rd[typeof(Label).FullName] = myLabelStyle;
}
Similar code can be used in any code-behind file, to affect only UI elements in that class.
public partial class MyPage : ContentPage
{
  public MyPage()
  {
    InitializeComponent();   // If there is any XAML.
    InitImplicitStyles();   // Added
    BindingContext = ...;   // If Binding is used.
  }
// See previous code snippet for "InitImplicitStyles(){ ... }".
There, this.Resources refers to MyPage's ResourceDictionary.