I'm using Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS and the standard "Disks" application says "Disk is OK, 73 bad sectors (30° C / 86° F)". The temperature is a bit high because that just recently I copied a lot of data (approx. 2GB) from the disk (many read operations) for backup.
The disk model is WDC WD5000AAKS-22V1A0.
Does this problem of sectors indicate that probably the disk will completely fail in the very near future?
It doesn't necessarily mean that your HD is about to fail. It might just be that these sectors are bad, and the operating system will mark them as unusable (i.e., will avoid reading/writing from them). However, if you had data on them you probably lost them.
There's a link that explains that deeply: Bad Sectors Explained: Why Hard Drives Get Bad Sectors and What You Can Do About It
I'd monitor the disk for some amount of time, if it goes worse, I'd replace the disk as soon as possible. In any case, if you haven't yet, backup all your data and keep it up to date.
