mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock

Question

I want to mount a hard disk in remote debian server to retrieve some important data. The fdisk -l info of the disk :

Disk /dev/sdc: 931.5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xd603e167
Device     Boot Start        End    Sectors   Size Id Type
/dev/sdc1        2048 1953521663 1953519616 931.5G  6 FAT16

But when I try to mount it:

mount  /dev/sdc1 /back

I get this error:

mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdc1,
       missing codepage or helper program, or other error
   In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
   dmesg | tail or so.

I have also tried

mount -t vfat  /dev/sdc1 /back

and

mount -t ext4  /dev/sdc1 /back

But they all give the same error.

Also,

fsck /dev/sdc1

yields:

fsck from util-linux 2.29.2
e2fsck 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
ext2fs_check_desc: Corrupt group descriptor: bad block for block bitmap
fsck.ext4: Group descriptors look bad... trying backup blocks...
The filesystem size (according to the superblock) is 244190208 blocks
The physical size of the device is 244189952 blocks
Either the superblock or the partition table is likely to be corrupt!
Abort<y>? 

How can I solve this?