You can simply use %* to pass everything that was passed to the .bat file to anything else.
Note that if you pass "words with spaces" to the batch file, it will be seen as 1 parameter in quotes and passed as that. If you ommit the "", the batch will still forward it to the program, but the program will see it as separate parameters. It really depends on how the batch file is called to know if those quotes will be there or not and if needed. For example, if you drag and drop a file in explorer onto the batchfile, explorer will add the quotes for you. If you type manually from the command prompt, its up to the user to check for the quotes.
So:
program.exe %0
should be enough in your case.
Also, from commandline, if you autocomplete filenames with the tab, quotes are automatically added if they are necessary, and even while the quotes may make it seem that you have to edit them out in order to continue typing, you really don't have to. Command prompt is smart enough.
Example: here I type prog, press tab twice, then continue typing and press tab once more.
C:\>_
C:\>cd prog_ (tab)
C:\>cd "Program Files"_ (tab)
C:\>cd "Program Files (x86)"_
C:\>cd "Program Files (x86)"\Micro_ (tab)
C:\>cd "Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office"_ (enter)
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office>_