What is the mechanism behind SD card's write-protection under MS Windows and how to deactivate it?

Question

I have an SD card which I use in Canon EOS 700D camera. I cannot delete the files! I checked the basic things I know the operating system is using for this purpose:

1. The physical lock on the side of the SD card is not locked (it is shifted to the "upward" position).

2. The read-only attribute of the individual files was not set.

3. I notice that there is a read-only attribute set for directories - see this screenshot:

   When I turn it off, it gives an error "media is write protected":

   

   What is this "write protection", what mechanism is behind it, where it is driven from? I click "ignore" and finally can delete the files. However, eject (unmount) the SD card and mount it again, it is set again!

4. I run cmd as Administrator, and run diskpart in it, it says "Current Read-only State : Yes", but I can't seem to turn it off:

   Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19045.3693]
   (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
   C:\WINDOWS\system32>diskpart
   Microsoft DiskPart version 10.0.19041.3636
   Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.
   On computer: LAPTOP-SAAK4JMO
   DISKPART> list disk
   Disk ###  Status         Size     Free     Dyn  Gpt
   
   Disk 0    Online          953 GB      0 B        *
     Disk 1    Online           59 GB  1024 KB
     Disk 2    No Media           0 B      0 B
   DISKPART> select disk 1
   Disk 1 is now the selected disk.
   DISKPART> attributes disk
   Current Read-only State : Yes
   Read-only  : No
   Boot Disk  : No
   Pagefile Disk  : No
   Hibernation File Disk  : No
   Crashdump Disk  : No
   Clustered Disk  : No
   DISKPART> attributes disk clear readonly
   Disk attributes cleared successfully.
   DISKPART> attributes disk
   Current Read-only State : Yes
   Read-only  : No
   Boot Disk  : No
   Pagefile Disk  : No
   Hibernation File Disk  : No
   Crashdump Disk  : No
   Clustered Disk  : No
   DISKPART>
   

   Why wasn't dispart able to set the Current Read-only State to No?

5. Further information from the diskpart on the volume, as suggested here, says that the volume's status is "healthy", and shows no read-only flag:

   DISKPART> list volume
   Volume ###  Ltr  Label        Fs     Type        Size     Status     Info
   
   Volume 0     C   WINDOWS      NTFS   Partition    120 GB  Healthy    Boot
     Volume 1     D   DATA         NTFS   Partition    814 GB  Healthy    Pagefile
     Volume 2         SYSTEM       FAT32  Partition    100 MB  Healthy    System
     Volume 3         WINPE        FAT32  Partition    512 MB  Healthy    Hidden
     Volume 4         Onekey       NTFS   Partition     18 GB  Healthy    Hidden
     Volume 5         WinRE        NTFS   Partition   1024 MB  Healthy    Hidden
     Volume 6     E   Nový svazek  exFAT  Removable     59 GB  Healthy
     Volume 7     F                       Removable       0 B  No Media
   DISKPART> select volume 6
   Volume 6 is the selected volume.
   DISKPART> detail volume
   Disk ###  Status         Size     Free     Dyn  Gpt
   
   
   Disk 1    Online           59 GB  1024 KB
   
   Read-only              : No
   Hidden                 : No
   No Default Drive Letter: No
   Shadow Copy            : No
   Offline                : No
   BitLocker Encrypted    : No
   Installable            : Yes
   Volume Capacity        :   59 GB
   Volume Free Space      : 2504 MB
   

6. The HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\StorageDevicePolicies registry key doesn't exist.

MAIN OVERALL QUESTION: I am totally confused why and how is this possible? What particular mechanism of the Windows operating system is doing this? Is it somewhere on the SD card filesystem (the card has exFAT filesystem)? Is it a standard mechanism of that particular filesystem? If not, why does Windows respect that?