At least on a recent Fedora system, it is possible to install a TeXLive package by specifying a .sty file, which is great, as in
yum install 'tex(amsmath.sty)'
It also work with dnf, the soon to be replacement for yum. I can't find any documentation about how that's supposed to work, apart from 'you can do it', both yum and dnf manpages have no mention of this.
Is this using some more general feature or that specific to TeXLive packages? It doesn't seem to be related to the provide command.