From what I've read from various articles & hardware (failure) reviews, I think running a cpu (or half or 1/4 of a cpu) at 100% is likely to wear out the computer faster than letting it be idle.
Power consumption goes up with higher cpu usage, and heat goes up. The power will cost you real $'s, and you can't just ignore the heat generated, heat ruins things. The heat is likely to wear out the cpu itself, and the power/battery/adapter or the hard drive or system board, or if someone's got a real lucky laptop they could set their lap on fire. Even if you've got a dozen fans keeping things relatively cool the cpu core itself is still hotter than at idle, and the fans will be wearing out.
If the heat itself doesn't eventually kill something, I've read somewhere that just having more current running through things will wear them out faster too.
I don't think running @ 100% is guaranteed to break something, but most computers are only guaranteed to work for 90 days or 1 year or whatever the warranty is (probably tested under "normal conditions" too, unlikely 100% cpu usage for a full year), so if that's all the faith the manufacturer has I'd be inclined to take it easy. Unless you or your friend buy a new computer every year or so, and if you do then I'm sure the disease researchers would really appreciate a cash donation in addition to 100% cpu use.