Folder customization
Folders are normally displayed with the standard folder icon. A common use of the Desktop.ini file is to assign a custom icon or thumbnail image to a folder. You can also use Desktop.ini to create an infotip that displays information about the folder and controls some aspects of the folder's behavior, such as specifying localized names for the folder or items in the folder.
Source: How to Customize Folders with Desktop.ini
Before the shell displays the name of a directory, the shell looks for a Desktop.ini file. If it finds one, it displays a redirected name obtained from LocalizedReourceName to the end user.
Source: Customizing Folders with Desktop.ini (Windows CE 5.0)
Here's the default content of the desktop.ini file stored in the C:\Users folder:
[.ShellClassInfo]
LocalizedResourceName=@%SystemRoot%\system32\shell32.dll,-21813
Disabling localized names
Windows Explorer doesn't seem to provide any documented way to ignore folder localization, but removing the LocalizedResourceName line does the job. While you could also delete the file entirely, it's not a good idea as you would lose other customization settings such as icons or tooltips.
Batch automation
Below there's a simple batch script which can do that for you, recursively scanning every folder in the system drive. Make sure to run it as administrator.
@echo off
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
pushd "%systemdrive%\"
for /f "delims=" %%G in ('dir /a /b /s desktop.ini') do (
find /i "LocalizedResourceName=" "%%~G" >nul
if !errorlevel! == 0 (
takeown /f "%%~G" /a >nul
icacls "%%~G" /grant:r *S-1-5-32-544:F /q >nul
attrib -h -s "%%~G"
type "%%~G" | findstr /i /v /c:"LocalizedResourceName=" > "%%~G.new"
copy "%%~G" "%%~nxG.bak" >nul 2>&1
del /a "%%~G"
ren "%%~G.new" "%%~nxG"
attrib +h +s "%%~G.bak"
attrib +h +s "%%~G"
))
popd
pause & exit /b