I have a Windows 8.1 Tablet and a Win7 Desktop. I've tried to access the Tablet via the Remote Desktop app from my PC for easier configuration but it couldn't connect. I could ping the device, so network state was fine so far. Remote desktop access is allowed according to the "Remote" tab in advanced system settings. I suppose I forgot something pretty simple, but have currently no idea what. As the Windows 8.1 is not the "Pro" Edition one can't select users to be allowed, but I'm not sure if this is important.
I meanwhile ensured that the network is marked as work/private so there should be no rule preventing access (I can't find one), but it seems this doesn't solve the problem.