Piper betle

Piper betle
Piper betle

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Piperales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Magnoliids
Ordo: Piperales

Familia: Piperaceae
Subfamilia: Piperoideae
Genus: Piper
Species:

Name

Piper betle L., 1753

Synonyms

  • Homotypic
    • Chavica betle (L.) Miq. in Syst. Piperac.: 228 (1843)
    • Piperi betlum (L.) St.-Lag. in Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 132 (1880), orth. var.
  • Heterotypic
    • Artanthe hexagyna Miq. in Syst. Piperac.: 412 (1844)
    • Betela mastica Raf. in Sylva Tellur.: 85 (1838)
    • Chavica auriculata Miq. in Syst. Piperac.: 269 (1843)
    • Chavica blumei Miq. in Syst. Piperac.: 246 (1843)
    • Chavica canaliculata (Opiz) C.Presl in Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6: 224 (1851)
    • Chavica densa Miq. in Syst. Piperac.: 252 (1843)
    • Chavica siriboa (L.) Miq. in Syst. Piperac.: 224 (1843)
    • Cubeba melamiri Miq. in Comm. Phytogr.: 34 (1840)
    • Cubeba siriboa (L.) Miq. in Comm. Phytogr.: 34 (1840)
    • Macropiper potamogetonifolium (Opiz) Miq. in Syst. Piperac.: 221 (1843)
    • Piper anisodorum Náves ex Fern.-Vill. in F.M.Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3. 4(13A): 175 (1880), nom. illeg.
    • Piper anisodorum Blanco in Fl. Filip., ed. 2.: 16 (1845)
    • Piper bathicarpum C.DC. in Fragm. Fl. Philipp. 1: 153 (1905)
    • Piper betel Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 22 (1837), orth. var.
    • Piper betle var. amplifolium C.DC. in Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 2: 272 (1898)
    • Piper betle var. densum (Blume) C.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(1): 360 (1869)
    • Piper betle f. densum (Blume) Fosberg in Phytologia 13: 235 (1966)
    • Piper betle var. marianum (Opiz) C.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(1): 360 (1869)
    • Piper betle f. marianum (Opiz) Fosberg in Phytologia 13: 235 (1966)
    • Piper betle var. siriboa (L.) C.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(1): 359 (1869)
    • Piper bidentatum Stokes in Bot. Mat. Med. 1: 79 (1812)
    • Piper blancoi Merr. in Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 41 (1906)
    • Piper blumei (Miq.) Backer in Bekn. Fl. Java 3(38): 12 (1941)
    • Piper canaliculatum Opiz in C.B.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1: 156 (1828)
    • Piper carnistilum C.DC. in Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 3: 774 (1910)
    • Piper chawya Buch.-Ham. ex Wall. in Numer. List: n.° 6650 C (1832), not validly publ.
    • Piper densum Blume in Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 11: 193 (1826)
    • Piper fenixii C.DC. in Philipp. J. Sci., C 5: 425 (1910)
    • Piper macgregorii C.DC. in Philipp. J. Sci., C 11: 215 (1916)
    • Piper malamiri Blume in Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 11: 203 (1826)
    • Piper malamiris L. in Sp. Pl.: 29 (1753)
    • Piper malarayatense C.DC. in Philipp. J. Sci., C 5: 442 (1910)
    • Piper marianum Opiz in C.B.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1: 159 (1828)
    • Piper philippinense C.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(1): 353 (1869)
    • Piper pinguispicum C.DC. & Koord. in Proc. Sect. Sci. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam 14(4): 37 (1909)
    • Piper potamogetonifolium Opiz in C.B.Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1: 156 (1828)
    • Piper puberulinodum C.DC. in Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 3: 773 (1910)
    • Piper rubroglandulosum Chaveer. & Mokkamul in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 59: 142 (2008)
    • Piper saururus Burm. in Fl. Malab.: 3 (1769)
    • Piper silletianum P.K.Mukh. in Phytotaxa 289(2): 188 (2016)
    • Piper siriboa L. in Sp. Pl.: 29 (1753)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Asia-tropical
    • Regional: Indo-China
      • Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam
    • Regional: Southeastern Asia
      • Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand
    • Introduced into:
      • Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Caroline Is., Christmas I., Comoros, Cuba, East Himalaya, Fiji, India, Leeward Is., Madagascar, Maldives, Marianas, Mauritius, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Réunion, Solomon Is., Sri Lanka, Trinidad-Tobago, Vanuatu, Windward Is.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

Additional references

  • Wu, Zh.Y. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) 1999. Flora of China. Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, ISBN 0-915279-70-3. Reference page. 

Vernacular names

  • Basa Bali: Base
  • Basa Ugi: ᨁᨙᨍ
  • suomi: Betelpippuri
  • Bahasa Indonesia: Sirih
  • ಕನ್ನಡ: ವೀಳ್ಯದೆಲೆ
  • Makasar (Buginese script): ᨁᨙᨍ
  • Nederlands: betelpeper
  • தமிழ்: வெற்றிலை
  • తెలుగు: తమలపాకు
  • ไทย: พลู
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