énerver
See also: enerver
French
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French enerver, from Latin ēnervāre. By surface analysis, é- + nerf + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.nɛʁ.ve/
Audio: (file)
Verb
énerver
- (transitive) to vex, to get on one's nerves
- to unnerve, to make nervous
- (Quebec) to be excited
Conjugation
Conjugation of énerver (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | énerver | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | énervant /e.nɛʁ.vɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | énervé /e.nɛʁ.ve/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | énerve /e.nɛʁv/ |
énerves /e.nɛʁv/ |
énerve /e.nɛʁv/ |
énervons /e.nɛʁ.vɔ̃/ |
énervez /e.nɛʁ.ve/ |
énervent /e.nɛʁv/ |
| imperfect | énervais /e.nɛʁ.vɛ/ |
énervais /e.nɛʁ.vɛ/ |
énervait /e.nɛʁ.vɛ/ |
énervions /e.nɛʁ.vjɔ̃/ |
énerviez /e.nɛʁ.vje/ |
énervaient /e.nɛʁ.vɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | énervai /e.nɛʁ.ve/ |
énervas /e.nɛʁ.va/ |
énerva /e.nɛʁ.va/ |
énervâmes /e.nɛʁ.vam/ |
énervâtes /e.nɛʁ.vat/ |
énervèrent /e.nɛʁ.vɛʁ/ | |
| future | énerverai /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁe/ |
énerveras /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁa/ |
énervera /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁa/ |
énerverons /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁɔ̃/ |
énerverez /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁe/ |
énerveront /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | énerverais /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁɛ/ |
énerverais /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁɛ/ |
énerverait /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁɛ/ |
énerverions /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁjɔ̃/ |
énerveriez /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁje/ |
énerveraient /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | énerve /e.nɛʁv/ |
énerves /e.nɛʁv/ |
énerve /e.nɛʁv/ |
énervions /e.nɛʁ.vjɔ̃/ |
énerviez /e.nɛʁ.vje/ |
énervent /e.nɛʁv/ |
| imperfect2 | énervasse /e.nɛʁ.vas/ |
énervasses /e.nɛʁ.vas/ |
énervât /e.nɛʁ.va/ |
énervassions /e.nɛʁ.va.sjɔ̃/ |
énervassiez /e.nɛʁ.va.sje/ |
énervassent /e.nɛʁ.vas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | énerve /e.nɛʁv/ |
— | énervons /e.nɛʁ.vɔ̃/ |
énervez /e.nɛʁ.ve/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “énerver”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.