épargner
French
Etymology
Inherited from Old French espargnier, from Vulgar Latin sparāniāre (attested in the Reichenau Glossary), from Frankish *sparanjan, from Proto-West Germanic *sparēn (compare English spare).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.paʁ.ɲe/
Audio: (file)
Verb
épargner
- to save (time, money etc.)
- il faut épargner sur la nourriture
- you have to save on food
- to save, spare (someone from something)
Conjugation
Conjugation of épargner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | épargner | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | épargnant /e.paʁ.ɲɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | épargné /e.paʁ.ɲe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | épargne /e.paʁɲ/ |
épargnes /e.paʁɲ/ |
épargne /e.paʁɲ/ |
épargnons /e.paʁ.ɲɔ̃/ |
épargnez /e.paʁ.ɲe/ |
épargnent /e.paʁɲ/ |
| imperfect | épargnais /e.paʁ.ɲɛ/ |
épargnais /e.paʁ.ɲɛ/ |
épargnait /e.paʁ.ɲɛ/ |
épargnions /e.paʁ.ɲjɔ̃/ |
épargniez /e.paʁ.ɲje/ |
épargnaient /e.paʁ.ɲɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | épargnai /e.paʁ.ɲe/ |
épargnas /e.paʁ.ɲa/ |
épargna /e.paʁ.ɲa/ |
épargnâmes /e.paʁ.ɲam/ |
épargnâtes /e.paʁ.ɲat/ |
épargnèrent /e.paʁ.ɲɛʁ/ | |
| future | épargnerai /e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁe/ |
épargneras /e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁa/ |
épargnera /e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁa/ |
épargnerons /e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁɔ̃/ |
épargnerez /e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁe/ |
épargneront /e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | épargnerais /e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁɛ/ |
épargnerais /e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁɛ/ |
épargnerait /e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁɛ/ |
épargnerions /e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
épargneriez /e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁje/ |
épargneraient /e.paʁ.ɲə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | épargne /e.paʁɲ/ |
épargnes /e.paʁɲ/ |
épargne /e.paʁɲ/ |
épargnions /e.paʁ.ɲjɔ̃/ |
épargniez /e.paʁ.ɲje/ |
épargnent /e.paʁɲ/ |
| imperfect2 | épargnasse /e.paʁ.ɲas/ |
épargnasses /e.paʁ.ɲas/ |
épargnât /e.paʁ.ɲa/ |
épargnassions /e.paʁ.ɲa.sjɔ̃/ |
épargnassiez /e.paʁ.ɲa.sje/ |
épargnassent /e.paʁ.ɲas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | épargne /e.paʁɲ/ |
— | épargnons /e.paʁ.ɲɔ̃/ |
épargnez /e.paʁ.ɲe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “épargner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.