úathad

Old Irish

Alternative forms

  • óthad, úaithed

Etymology

Thurneysen assumes a direct derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewtos. Compare Ancient Greek αὐτός (autós), Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃 (auþeis), Old Norse auðr (“desolate”).

However, in modern times Proto-Celtic *autītos is reconstructed instead.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈuːa̯θað]

Noun

úathad n

  1. a small number, a few
  2. (grammar) the singular number

Inflection

Neuter o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative úathadN úathadN úathadL, úaite
vocative úathadN úathadN úathadL, úaite
accusative úathadN úathadN úathadL, úaite
genitive úathaidL úathad úathadN
dative úathadL úaitib úaitib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

  • úath (“a few”, adverb)
  • úathaide (“singular”, adjective)
  • úathaigid (“makes, becomes few”, verb)

Descendants

  • Irish: uathadh

Mutation

Mutation of úathad
radical lenition nasalization
úathad
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)		 úathad n-úathad

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*aw-tīto-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 49

Further reading

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