đảo

From Proto-Tai *t.naːwᴬ. Cognate with Lao ດາວ (dāo), Northern Thai ᨯᩣ᩠ᩅ, Lü ᦡᦱᧁ (ḋaaw), Shan လၢဝ် (lǎao), Tai Dam ꪒꪱꪫ, Tày đao, Zhuang ndaundeiq.

đảo

1. star

đảo

1. a peach-like jewelry casket used by women of the Thái ethnic minority in Vietnam

• Sầm Văn Bình (2018) Từ điển Thái–Việt (Tiếng Thái Nghệ An) [Tai–Vietnamese Dictionary (Nghệ An Tai)]‎^[1], Nghệ An: Nhà xuất bản Nghệ An

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ʔɗaːw˧˩]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʔɗaːw˧˨]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [ʔɗaːw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 島 (“island”).

In the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651), there were several terms glossed as "island" (Portuguese ilha): cù lao, núi nước, gò nước, gò bẻ (i.e. gò bể), gò biẻn (i.e. gò biển). Among these, only cù lao survived into current-day Vietnamese, although gò was still used to some extent until the early 20th century (see there for written example).

đảo itself is unattested in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum and has next to no attestation in Nôm prose and poetry aside from the literary proper noun 蓬島 (Bồng Đảo, “Penglai”) (although it is abundant in Chinese texts by Vietnamese writers). It is also not in Dictionarium Anamitico-Latinum (1838) nor even Đại Nam quấc âm tự vị (1895). In the former, the island of Côn Sơn is called hòn Côn nôn; in the latter, which is a dictionary chiefly based on Southern Vietnamese, the island of Phú Quốc is called hòn and cù lao.

It is not obvious when đảo started to become the chief word for "island" in Vietnamese, but it is probably not earlier than mid-19th century. By the early 20th century, đảo had become widely used in various texts.

(classifier hòn) đảo

1. island

Sino-Vietnamese word from 倒 (“to fall”).

đảo

1. to turn upside down; to flip over
   • 1788, Lê Huy Dao (黎輝瑤), Dụ tứ phương cần vương đối Tây Sơn hịch (諭四方勤王對西山檄):

     蹎天下意𩔗夷狄倒𠁑𨕭之容態獴羝

     Chân thiên hạ ấy, loài di địch đảo dưới trên, chi dong thói muông dê.

     At the base [of this country] under Heaven, the barbarians there turnt the tenet upside down, how reminiscent of the action of some wretched beasts.

2. to shake; to wag

đảo

1. Sino-Vietnamese reading of 倒