βάναυσος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Generally taken as an haplology from *βαύναυσος, in turn a compound of βαῦνος (baûnos, “furnace”) and αὔω (aúō, “to scoop, light a fire”). Beekes disregards this proposal as folk etymology and suggests a Pre-Greek origin.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /bá.nau̯.sos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈba.naʍ.sos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈβa.naɸ.sos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈva.naf.sos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈva.naf.sos/
Adjective
βᾰ́ναυσος • (bắnausos) m or f (neuter βᾰ́ναυσον); second declension
- artisanal, handmade, handcrafted
- (figuratively) vulgar, base, unworthy
- (later) fastidious, meticulous
Declension
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
| Nominative | βᾰ́ναυσος bắnausos |
βᾰ́ναυσον bắnauson |
βᾰναύσω bănaúsō |
βᾰναύσω bănaúsō |
βᾰ́ναυσοι bắnausoi |
βᾰ́ναυσᾰ bắnausă | ||||||||
| Genitive | βᾰναύσου bănaúsou |
βᾰναύσου bănaúsou |
βᾰναύσοιν bănaúsoin |
βᾰναύσοιν bănaúsoin |
βᾰναύσων bănaúsōn |
βᾰναύσων bănaúsōn | ||||||||
| Dative | βᾰναύσῳ bănaúsōi |
βᾰναύσῳ bănaúsōi |
βᾰναύσοιν bănaúsoin |
βᾰναύσοιν bănaúsoin |
βᾰναύσοις bănaúsois |
βᾰναύσοις bănaúsois | ||||||||
| Accusative | βᾰ́ναυσον bắnauson |
βᾰ́ναυσον bắnauson |
βᾰναύσω bănaúsō |
βᾰναύσω bănaúsō |
βᾰναύσους bănaúsous |
βᾰ́ναυσᾰ bắnausă | ||||||||
| Vocative | βᾰ́ναυσε bắnause |
βᾰ́ναυσον bắnauson |
βᾰναύσω bănaúsō |
βᾰναύσω bănaúsō |
βᾰ́ναυσοι bắnausoi |
βᾰ́ναυσᾰ bắnausă | ||||||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| βᾰναύσως bănaúsōs |
βᾰναυσότερος bănausóteros |
βᾰναυσότᾰτος bănausótătos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Derived terms
- βᾰναυσῐ́ᾱ (bănausĭ́ā)
- βᾰναυσῐκός (bănausĭkós)
- βᾰναυσοτεχνέω (bănausotekhnéō)
- βᾰναυσουργός (bănausourgós)
Noun
βᾰ́ναυσος • (bắnausos) m (genitive βᾰναύσου); second declension
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ βᾰ́ναυσος ho bắnausos |
τὼ βᾰναύσω tṑ bănaúsō |
οἱ βᾰ́ναυσοι hoi bắnausoi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ βᾰναύσου toû bănaúsou |
τοῖν βᾰναύσοιν toîn bănaúsoin |
τῶν βᾰναύσων tôn bănaúsōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ βᾰναύσῳ tōî bănaúsōi |
τοῖν βᾰναύσοιν toîn bănaúsoin |
τοῖς βᾰναύσοις toîs bănaúsois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν βᾰ́ναυσον tòn bắnauson |
τὼ βᾰναύσω tṑ bănaúsō |
τοὺς βᾰναύσους toùs bănaúsous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | βᾰ́ναυσε bắnause |
βᾰναύσω bănaúsō |
βᾰ́ναυσοι bắnausoi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Descendants
- → German: Banause
Further reading
- “βάναυσος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “βάναυσος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- βάναυσος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- βάναυσος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βάναυσος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 199