αὔω

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

Etymology 1

Probably of imitative origin, similar to Latin ululō (“to howl”).[1]

Verb

αὔω • (aúō)

  1. to shout, call
Usage notes

Attested with diphthongal αὐ in the present and imperfect but with bisyllabic ἀϋ in the future and aorist.

Conjugation
   Present: αὔω
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative αὔω αὔεις αὔει αὔετον αὔετον αὔομεν αὔετε αὔουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive αὔω αὔῃς αὔῃ αὔητον αὔητον αὔωμεν αὔητε αὔωσῐ(ν)
optative αὔοιμῐ αὔοις αὔοι αὔοιτον αὐοίτην αὔοιμεν αὔοιτε αὔοιεν
imperative   αὖε αὐέτω αὔετον αὐέτων   αὔετε αὐόντων
active
infinitive αὔειν
participle m αὔων
f αὔουσᾰ
n αὖον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: αὖον
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative αὖον αὖες αὖε(ν) αὔετον αὐέτην αὔομεν αὔετε αὖον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: ἀΰσω
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἀΰσω ἀΰσεις ἀΰσει ἀΰσετον ἀΰσετον ἀΰσομεν ἀΰσετε ἀΰσουσῐ(ν)
optative ἀΰσοιμῐ ἀΰσοις ἀΰσοι ἀΰσοιτον ἀϋσοίτην ἀΰσοιμεν ἀΰσοιτε ἀΰσοιεν
active
infinitive ἀΰσειν
participle m ἀΰσων
f ἀΰσουσᾰ
n ἀῧσον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἤῡ̈σᾰ
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἤῡ̈σᾰ ἤῡ̈σᾰς ἤῡ̈σε(ν) ἠῡ̈́σᾰτον ἠῡ̈σᾰ́την ἠῡ̈́σᾰμεν ἠῡ̈́σᾰτε ἤῡ̈σᾰν
subjunctive ἀῡ̈́σω ἀῡ̈́σῃς ἀῡ̈́σῃ ἀῡ̈́σητον ἀῡ̈́σητον ἀῡ̈́σωμεν ἀῡ̈́σητε ἀῡ̈́σωσῐ(ν)
optative ἀῡ̈́σαιμῐ ἀῡ̈́σειᾰς / ἀῡ̈́σαις ἀῡ̈́σειε(ν) / ἀῡ̈́σαι ἀῡ̈́σαιτον ἀῡ̈σαίτην ἀῡ̈́σαιμεν ἀῡ̈́σαιτε ἀῡ̈́σειᾰν / ἀῡ̈́σαιεν
imperative   ἄῡ̈σον ἀῡ̈σᾰ́τω ἀῡ̈́σᾰτον ἀῡ̈σᾰ́των   ἀῡ̈́σᾰτε ἀῡ̈σᾰ́ντων
active
infinitive ἀῧσαι
participle m ἀῡ̈́σᾱς
f ἀῡ̈́σᾱσᾰ
n ἀῧσᾰν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἄῡ̈σᾰ (Epic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἄῡ̈σᾰ ἄῡ̈σᾰς ἄῡ̈σε(ν) ἀῡ̈́σᾰτον ἀῡ̈σᾰ́την ἀῡ̈́σᾰμεν ἀῡ̈́σᾰτε ἄῡ̈σᾰν
subjunctive ἀῡ̈́σω,
ἀῡ̈́σωμῐ 		ἀῡ̈́σῃς,
ἀῡ̈́σῃσθᾰ 		ἀῡ̈́σῃ,
ἀῡ̈́σῃσῐ 		ἀῡ̈́σητον ἀῡ̈́σητον ἀῡ̈́σωμεν ἀῡ̈́σητε ἀῡ̈́σωσῐ(ν)
optative ἀῡ̈́σαιμῐ ἀῡ̈́σαις,
ἀῡ̈́σαισθᾰ,
ἀῡ̈́σειᾰς 		ἀῡ̈́σειε(ν) / ἀῡ̈́σαι ἀῡ̈σεῖτον ἀῡ̈σείτην ἀῡ̈σεῖμεν ἀῡ̈σεῖτε ἀῡ̈σεῖεν
imperative   ἄῡ̈σον ἀῡ̈σᾰ́τω ἀῡ̈́σᾰτον ἀῡ̈σᾰ́των   ἀῡ̈́σᾰτε ἀῡ̈σᾰ́ντων
active
infinitive ἀῧσαι / ἀῡ̈σᾰ́μεν / ἀῡ̈σᾰμέναι
participle m ἀῡ̈́σᾱς
f ἀῡ̈́σᾱσᾰ
n ἀῧσᾰν
Notes:
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Etymology 2

The occasional, older etymology for Proto-Hellenic *ahúhyō from Proto-Indo-European *h₂sús-ye-ti (“to be dry”) (compare Sanskrit शुष्यति (śúṣyati, “to be dry”) and Old Church Slavonic соушити (sušiti, “to dry”)) has fallen out of favor, with modern authors regarding the Greek verb's association with fire as a secondary development, citing the actual root as Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“to scoop, draw (water)”). This is evidenced by the semantics of derived terms, especially κατ-αὖσαι (kat-aûsai, “to pour down; to go down, dive”), and ἐν-αύω (en-aúō, “to kindle, light (oneself) a fire; to get fire, (figuratively) to draw inspiration or courage”), in which an old meaning “to draw fire” can be inferred, in particular from the forms ἐναύομαι (enaúomai, “to scoop (fire)”, middle voice) and ἔναυσις (énausis, “drawing of fire or water”).[2][3] Cognate with Proto-Germanic *ausaną (“to scoop, draw water”) and Latin (h)auriō (“to draw water, drain”). Compare the (therefore unrelated) adjective αὖος (aûos, “dry”), the superficial similarity of which may have influenced the semantics at an early stage.

Verb

αὔω • (aúō) (poetic)

  1. (originally? and in prefixed forms) to scoop, draw (fire or water)
  2. (active voice) to light a fire, to ignite, singe
  3. (middle voice) to catch fire
Conjugation
   Present: αὔω, αὔομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative αὔω αὔεις αὔει αὔετον αὔετον αὔομεν αὔετε αὔουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive αὔω αὔῃς αὔῃ αὔητον αὔητον αὔωμεν αὔητε αὔωσῐ(ν)
optative αὔοιμῐ αὔοις αὔοι αὔοιτον αὐοίτην αὔοιμεν αὔοιτε αὔοιεν
imperative   αὖε αὐέτω αὔετον αὐέτων   αὔετε αὐόντων
middle indicative αὔομαι αὔῃ / αὔει αὔεται αὔεσθον αὔεσθον αὐόμεθᾰ αὔεσθε αὔονται
subjunctive αὔωμαι αὔῃ αὔηται αὔησθον αὔησθον αὐώμεθᾰ αὔησθε αὔωνται
optative αὐοίμην αὔοιο αὔοιτο αὔοισθον αὐοίσθην αὐοίμεθᾰ αὔοισθε αὔοιντο
imperative   αὔου αὐέσθω αὔεσθον αὐέσθων   αὔεσθε αὐέσθων
active
infinitive αὔειν αὔεσθαι
participle m αὔων αὐόμενος
f αὔουσᾰ αὐομένη
n αὖον αὐόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
Derived terms
  • αὔσις (aúsis)
  • ἐναύω (enaúō)
  • καταῦσαι (kataûsai)

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

αὔω • (aúō)

  1. masculine/neuter nominative/accusative/vocative dual of αὖος (aûos)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αὔω 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 175
  2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αὔω 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 175
  3. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂eu̯s-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 275-6
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