αὖος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *ahúhos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂súsos, from the root *h₂sews- (“to be dry”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic соухъ (suxŭ, “dry”), English sear (“dry, withered”), Sanskrit शोष (śoṣa, “dryness”) (which reflect a similar Proto-Indo-European *h₂sowsós).^[1]^[2]

Not a derivative of αὔω (aúō, “to scoop fire; to ignite, singe”), as shown by the divergent semantics, though possibly (but disputedly) from the same root.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /âu̯.os/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.wos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.βos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.vos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.vos/

Adjective

αὖος • (aûos) m (feminine αὔη, neuter αὖον); first/second declension or
αὖος • (aûos) m or f (neuter αὖον); second declension

dry (of timber), dried (of fruit), withered (of leaves)
dried up, exhausted

Declension

As a three-ending adjective:

First and second declension of αὖος; αὔη; αὖον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	αὖος aûos	αὔη aúē	αὖον aûon	αὔω aúō	αὔᾱ aúā	αὔω aúō	αὖοι aûoi	αὖαι aûai	αὖᾰ aûă
Genitive	αὔου aúou	αὔης aúēs	αὔου aúou	αὔοιν aúoin	αὔαιν aúain	αὔοιν aúoin	αὔων aúōn	αὔων aúōn	αὔων aúōn
Dative	αὔῳ aúōi	αὔῃ aúēi	αὔῳ aúōi	αὔοιν aúoin	αὔαιν aúain	αὔοιν aúoin	αὔοις aúois	αὔαις aúais	αὔοις aúois
Accusative	αὖον aûon	αὔην aúēn	αὖον aûon	αὔω aúō	αὔᾱ aúā	αὔω aúō	αὔους aúous	αὔᾱς aúās	αὖᾰ aûă
Vocative	αὖε aûe	αὔη aúē	αὖον aûon	αὔω aúō	αὔᾱ aúā	αὔω aúō	αὖοι aûoi	αὖαι aûai	αὖᾰ aûă
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	αὔως aúōs			αὐότερος auóteros			αὐότᾰτος auótătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and second declension of αὖος; αὔᾱ; αὖον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	αὖος aûos	αὔᾱ aúā	αὖον aûon	αὔω aúō	αὔᾱ aúā	αὔω aúō	αὖοι aûoi	αὖαι aûai	αὖᾰ aûă
Genitive	αὔου aúou	αὔᾱς aúās	αὔου aúou	αὔοιν aúoin	αὔαιν aúain	αὔοιν aúoin	αὔων aúōn	αὔων aúōn	αὔων aúōn
Dative	αὔῳ aúōi	αὔᾳ aúāi	αὔῳ aúōi	αὔοιν aúoin	αὔαιν aúain	αὔοιν aúoin	αὔοις aúois	αὔαις aúais	αὔοις aúois
Accusative	αὖον aûon	αὔᾱν aúān	αὖον aûon	αὔω aúō	αὔᾱ aúā	αὔω aúō	αὔους aúous	αὔᾱς aúās	αὖᾰ aûă
Vocative	αὖε aûe	αὔᾱ aúā	αὖον aûon	αὔω aúō	αὔᾱ aúā	αὔω aúō	αὖοι aûoi	αὖαι aûai	αὖᾰ aûă
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	αὔως aúōs			αὐότερος auóteros			αὐότᾰτος auótătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

As a two-ending adjective:

Second declension of αὖος; αὖον (Attic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	αὖος aûos	αὖον aûon	αὔω aúō	αὔω aúō	αὖοι aûoi	αὖᾰ aûă
Genitive	αὔου aúou	αὔου aúou	αὔοιν aúoin	αὔοιν aúoin	αὔων aúōn	αὔων aúōn
Dative	αὔῳ aúōi	αὔῳ aúōi	αὔοιν aúoin	αὔοιν aúoin	αὔοις aúois	αὔοις aúois
Accusative	αὖον aûon	αὖον aûon	αὔω aúō	αὔω aúō	αὔους aúous	αὖᾰ aûă
Vocative	αὖε aûe	αὖον aûon	αὔω aúō	αὔω aúō	αὖοι aûoi	αὖᾰ aûă
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	αὔως aúōs		αὐότερος auóteros		αὐότᾰτος auótătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

αὔω (aúō, “light a fire”)
αὐστηρός (austērós, “bitter, harsh”)
αὐχμός (aukhmós, “drought”)

References

^ Lubotsky, Alexander (1985) “The PIE word for ‘dry’”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung, volume 98, number 1, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →JSTOR, pages 1–10
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αὖος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 171