βαύκαλις

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

βαυκάλιον (baukálion)

Etymology

Probably of Afroasiatic origin,^[1]^[2] in particular, from Egyptian.^[3] (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “What is the Egyptian comparandum?”)

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bǎu̯.ka.lis/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈbaʍ.ka.lis/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈβaɸ.ka.lis/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈvaf.ka.lis/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈvaf.ka.lis/

Noun

βαύκᾰλῐς • (baúkălĭs) f (genitive βαυκάλῐδος); third declension

vessel for cooling wine or water

Declension

Third declension of ἡ βαύκᾰλῐς; τῆς βαυκᾰ́λῐδος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ βαύκᾰλῐς hē baúkălĭs	τὼ βαυκᾰ́λῐδε tṑ baukắlĭde	αἱ βαυκᾰ́λῐδες hai baukắlĭdes
Genitive	τῆς βαυκᾰ́λῐδος tês baukắlĭdos	τοῖν βαυκᾰλῐ́δοιν toîn baukălĭ́doin	τῶν βαυκᾰλῐ́δων tôn baukălĭ́dōn
Dative	τῇ βαυκᾰ́λῐδῐ tēî baukắlĭdĭ	τοῖν βαυκᾰλῐ́δοιν toîn baukălĭ́doin	ταῖς βαυκᾰ́λῐσῐ / βαυκᾰ́λῐσῐν taîs baukắlĭsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν βαυκᾰ́λῐδᾰ tḕn baukắlĭdă	τὼ βαυκᾰ́λῐδε tṑ baukắlĭde	τᾱ̀ς βαυκᾰ́λῐδᾰς tā̀s baukắlĭdăs
Vocative	βαύκᾰλῐς baúkălĭs	βαυκᾰ́λῐδε baukắlĭde	βαυκᾰ́λῐδες baukắlĭdes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Descendants

→ Arabic: بُوقال (būqāl)
- Maltese: buqar
→? Bulgarian: бъ́къл (bǎ́kǎl)
→ Late Latin: baucālis
- Italian: boccale
  - → Middle Dutch: bocael
    - Dutch: bokaal
  - → French: bocal
    - → English: bocal
  - → German: Pokal (see there for further descendants)
  - → Greek: μπουκάλι (boukáli)
  - → Hungarian: bokály
  - → Ottoman Turkish: پوتقال
    - Turkish: potkal
- Sicilian: bucali

References

^ Varia Africana. (1918). United States: African Department of the Peabody Museum of Harvard University, p. 303
^ Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βαυκάλιον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 207