βοάω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From βοή (boḗ, “shout”) + -άω (-áō). Possibly cognate to Sanskrit गु (gu, “to sound, shout, proclaim”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /bo.á.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /boˈa.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /βoˈa.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /voˈa.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /voˈa.o/
Verb
βοάω • (boáō)
- to shout
Inflection
Present: βοᾰ́ω, βοᾰ́ομαι (Uncontracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | βοᾰ́ω | βοᾰ́εις | βοᾰ́ει | βοᾰ́ετον | βοᾰ́ετον | βοᾰ́ομεν | βοᾰ́ετε | βοᾰ́ουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | βοᾰ́ω | βοᾰ́ῃς | βοᾰ́ῃ | βοᾰ́ητον | βοᾰ́ητον | βοᾰ́ωμεν | βοᾰ́ητε | βοᾰ́ωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | βοᾰ́οιμῐ | βοᾰ́οις | βοᾰ́οι | βοᾰ́οιτον | βοᾰοίτην | βοᾰ́οιμεν | βοᾰ́οιτε | βοᾰ́οιεν | |||||
| imperative | βόᾰε | βοᾰέτω | βοᾰ́ετον | βοᾰέτων | βοᾰ́ετε | βοᾰόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | βοᾰ́ομαι | βοᾰ́ῃ / βοᾰ́ει | βοᾰ́εται | βοᾰ́εσθον | βοᾰ́εσθον | βοᾰόμεθᾰ | βοᾰ́εσθε | βοᾰ́ονται | ||||
| subjunctive | βοᾰ́ωμαι | βοᾰ́ῃ | βοᾰ́ηται | βοᾰ́ησθον | βοᾰ́ησθον | βοᾰώμεθᾰ | βοᾰ́ησθε | βοᾰ́ωνται | |||||
| optative | βοᾰοίμην | βοᾰ́οιο | βοᾰ́οιτο | βοᾰ́οισθον | βοᾰοίσθην | βοᾰοίμεθᾰ | βοᾰ́οισθε | βοᾰ́οιντο | |||||
| imperative | βοᾰ́ου | βοᾰέσθω | βοᾰ́εσθον | βοᾰέσθων | βοᾰ́εσθε | βοᾰέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | βοᾰ́ειν | βοᾰ́εσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | βοᾰ́ων | βοᾰόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | βοᾰ́ουσᾰ | βοᾰομένη | |||||||||||
| n | βοᾰ́ον | βοᾰόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Present: βοῶ, βοῶμαι (Contracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | βοῶ | βοᾷς | βοᾷ | βοᾶτον | βοᾶτον | βοῶμεν | βοᾶτε | βοῶσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | βοῶ | βοᾷς | βοᾷ | βοᾶτον | βοᾶτον | βοῶμεν | βοᾶτε | βοῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | βοῴην / βοῷμῐ | βοῴης / βοῷς | βοῴη / βοῷ | βοῷτον / βοῴητον | βοῴτην / βοῳήτην | βοῷμεν / βοῴημεν | βοῷτε / βοῴητε | βοῷεν / βοῴησᾰν | |||||
| imperative | βόᾱ | βοᾱ́τω | βοᾶτον | βοᾱ́των | βοᾶτε | βοώντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | βοῶμαι | βοᾷ | βοᾶται | βοᾶσθον | βοᾶσθον | βοώμεθᾰ | βοᾶσθε | βοῶνται | ||||
| subjunctive | βοῶμαι | βοᾷ | βοᾶται | βοᾶσθον | βοᾶσθον | βοώμεθᾰ | βοᾶσθε | βοῶνται | |||||
| optative | βοῴμην | βοῷο | βοῷτο | βοῷσθον | βοῴσθην | βοῴμεθᾰ | βοῷσθε | βοῷντο | |||||
| imperative | βοῶ | βοᾱ́σθω | βοᾶσθον | βοᾱ́σθων | βοᾶσθε | βοᾱ́σθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | βοᾶν | βοᾶσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | βοῶν | βοώμενος | ||||||||||
| f | βοῶσᾰ | βοωμένη | |||||||||||
| n | βοῶν | βοώμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἐβόᾰον, ἐβοᾰόμην (Uncontracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐβόᾰον | ἐβόᾰες | ἐβόᾰε(ν) | ἐβοᾰ́ετον | ἐβοᾰέτην | ἐβοᾰ́ομεν | ἐβοᾰ́ετε | ἐβόᾰον | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐβοᾰόμην | ἐβοᾰ́ου | ἐβοᾰ́ετο | ἐβοᾰ́εσθον | ἐβοᾰέσθην | ἐβοᾰόμεθᾰ | ἐβοᾰ́εσθε | ἐβοᾰ́οντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἐβόων, ἐβοώμην (Contracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐβόων | ἐβόᾱς | ἐβόᾱ | ἐβοᾶτον | ἐβοᾱ́την | ἐβοῶμεν | ἐβοᾶτε | ἐβόων | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐβοώμην | ἐβοῶ | ἐβοᾶτο | ἐβοᾶσθον | ἐβοᾱ́σθην | ἐβοώμεθᾰ | ἐβοᾶσθε | ἐβοῶντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future: βοήσω, βοήσομαι, βοηθήσομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | βοήσω | βοήσεις | βοήσει | βοήσετον | βοήσετον | βοήσομεν | βοήσετε | βοήσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | βοήσοιμῐ | βοήσοις | βοήσοι | βοήσοιτον | βοησοίτην | βοήσοιμεν | βοήσοιτε | βοήσοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | βοήσομαι | βοήσῃ / βοήσει | βοήσεται | βοήσεσθον | βοήσεσθον | βοησόμεθᾰ | βοήσεσθε | βοήσονται | ||||
| optative | βοησοίμην | βοήσοιο | βοήσοιτο | βοήσοισθον | βοησοίσθην | βοησοίμεθᾰ | βοήσοισθε | βοήσοιντο | |||||
| passive | indicative | βοηθήσομαι | βοηθήσῃ | βοηθήσεται | βοηθήσεσθον | βοηθήσεσθον | βοηθησόμεθᾰ | βοηθήσεσθε | βοηθήσονται | ||||
| optative | βοηθησοίμην | βοηθήσοιο | βοηθήσοιτο | βοηθήσοισθον | βοηθησοίσθην | βοηθησοίμεθᾰ | βοηθήσοισθε | βοηθήσοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | βοήσειν | βοήσεσθαι | βοηθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | βοήσων | βοησόμενος | βοηθησόμενος | |||||||||
| f | βοήσουσᾰ | βοησομένη | βοηθησομένη | ||||||||||
| n | βοῆσον | βοησόμενον | βοηθησόμενον | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἐβόησᾰ, ἐβοησᾰ́μην, ἐβοήθην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐβόησᾰ | ἐβόησᾰς | ἐβόησε(ν) | ἐβοήσᾰτον | ἐβοησᾰ́την | ἐβοήσᾰμεν | ἐβοήσᾰτε | ἐβόησᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | βοήσω | βοήσῃς | βοήσῃ | βοήσητον | βοήσητον | βοήσωμεν | βοήσητε | βοήσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | βοήσαιμῐ | βοήσειᾰς / βοήσαις | βοήσειε(ν) / βοήσαι | βοήσαιτον | βοησαίτην | βοήσαιμεν | βοήσαιτε | βοήσειᾰν / βοήσαιεν | |||||
| imperative | βόησον | βοησᾰ́τω | βοήσᾰτον | βοησᾰ́των | βοήσᾰτε | βοησᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | ἐβοησᾰ́μην | ἐβοήσω | ἐβοήσᾰτο | ἐβοήσᾰσθον | ἐβοησᾰ́σθην | ἐβοησᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐβοήσᾰσθε | ἐβοήσᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | βοήσωμαι | βοήσῃ | βοήσηται | βοήσησθον | βοήσησθον | βοησώμεθᾰ | βοήσησθε | βοήσωνται | |||||
| optative | βοησαίμην | βοήσαιο | βοήσαιτο | βοήσαισθον | βοησαίσθην | βοησαίμεθᾰ | βοήσαισθε | βοήσαιντο | |||||
| imperative | βόησαι | βοησᾰ́σθω | βοήσᾰσθον | βοησᾰ́σθων | βοήσᾰσθε | βοησᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| passive | indicative | ἐβοήθην | ἐβοήθης | ἐβοήθη | ἐβοήθητον | ἐβοηθήτην | ἐβοήθημεν | ἐβοήθητε | ἐβοήθησᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | βοηθῶ | βοηθῇς | βοηθῇ | βοηθῆτον | βοηθῆτον | βοηθῶμεν | βοηθῆτε | βοηθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | βοηθείην | βοηθείης | βοηθείη | βοηθεῖτον / βοηθείητον | βοηθείτην / βοηθειήτην | βοηθεῖμεν / βοηθείημεν | βοηθεῖτε / βοηθείητε | βοηθεῖεν / βοηθείησᾰν | |||||
| imperative | βοηθήτι | βοηθήτω | βοήθητον | βοηθήτων | βοήθητε | βοηθέντων | |||||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | βοῆσαι | βοήσᾰσθαι | βοηθῆναι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | βοήσᾱς | βοησᾰ́μενος | βοηθείς | |||||||||
| f | βοήσᾱσᾰ | βοησᾰμένη | βοηθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
| n | βοῆσᾰν | βοησᾰ́μενον | βοηθέν | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: βεβόηκᾰ, βεβόημαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | βεβόηκᾰ | βεβόηκᾰς | βεβόηκε(ν) | βεβοήκᾰτον | βεβοήκᾰτον | βεβοήκᾰμεν | βεβοήκᾰτε | βεβοήκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | βεβοήκω | βεβοήκῃς | βεβοήκῃ | βεβοήκητον | βεβοήκητον | βεβοήκωμεν | βεβοήκητε | βεβοήκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | βεβοήκοιμῐ / βεβοηκοίην | βεβοήκοις / βεβοηκοίης | βεβοήκοι / βεβοηκοίη | βεβοήκοιτον | βεβοηκοίτην | βεβοήκοιμεν | βεβοήκοιτε | βεβοήκοιεν | |||||
| imperative | βεβόηκε | βεβοηκέτω | βεβοήκετον | βεβοηκέτων | βεβοήκετε | βεβοηκόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | βεβόημαι | βεβόησαι | βεβόηται | βεβόησθον | βεβόησθον | βεβοήμεθᾰ | βεβόησθε | βεβόηνται | ||||
| subjunctive | βεβοημένος ὦ | βεβοημένος ᾖς | βεβοημένος ᾖ | βεβοημένω ἦτον | βεβοημένω ἦτον | βεβοημένοι ὦμεν | βεβοημένοι ἦτε | βεβοημένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | βεβοημένος εἴην | βεβοημένος εἴης | βεβοημένος εἴη | βεβοημένω εἴητον / εἶτον | βεβοημένω εἰήτην / εἴτην | βεβοημένοι εἴημεν / εἶμεν | βεβοημένοι εἴητε / εἶτε | βεβοημένοι εἴησᾰν / εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | βεβόησο | βεβοήσθω | βεβόησθον | βεβοήσθων | βεβόησθε | βεβοήσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | βεβοηκέναι | βεβοῆσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | βεβοηκώς | βεβοημένος | ||||||||||
| f | βεβοηκυῖᾰ | βεβοημένη | |||||||||||
| n | βεβοηκός | βεβοημένον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Pluperfect: ἐβεβοήκειν / ἐβεβοήκη, ἐβεβοήμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐβεβοήκειν / ἐβεβοήκη | ἐβεβοήκεις / ἐβεβοήκης | ἐβεβοήκει(ν) | ἐβεβοήκετον | ἐβεβοηκέτην | ἐβεβοήκεμεν | ἐβεβοήκετε | ἐβεβοήκεσᾰν | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐβεβοήμην | ἐβεβόησο | ἐβεβόητο | ἐβεβόησθον | ἐβεβοήσθην | ἐβεβοήμεθᾰ | ἐβεβόησθε | ἐβεβόηντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
The future middle βοήσομαι is often used in place of the active βοήσω.
Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading
- “βοάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 224