βοηθόος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Homeric univerbation of (ἐπί) βοὴν θεῖν ((epí) boḕn theîn), from βοή (boḗ, “shout, call”) + θοός (thoós, “swift, running”) (θέω (théō, “to run”)); post-classically shortened to βοηθός (boēthós).^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bo.ɛː.tʰó.os/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /bo.e̝ˈtʰo.os/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βo.iˈθo.os/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vo.iˈθo.os/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /vo.iˈθo.os/

Adjective

βοηθόος • (boēthóos) m or f (neuter βοηθόον); second declension

heeding the call to arms, rushing to battle
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.477:
  Αἰνείαν ἐπιόντα βοηθόον
  Aineían epiónta boēthóon
  1924 translation by A.T. Murray
  the oncoming of Aeneas to bear aid
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.481–482:
  Ὣς ἔφατ', Ἀλκιμέδων δὲ βοηθόον ἅρμ' ἐπορούσας
  καρπαλίμως μάστιγα καὶ ἡνία λάζετο χερσίν
  Hṑs éphat’, Alkimédōn dè boēthóon hárm’ eporoúsas
  karpalímōs mástiga kaì hēnía lázeto khersín
  1924 translation by A.T. Murray
  So spake he, and Alcimedon leapt upon the car that was swift in battle,
  and quickly grasped in his hands the lash and reins
assisting, auxiliary; aiding, helping

Inflection

Second declension of βοηθόος; βοηθόον (Attic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	βοηθόος boēthóos	βοηθόον boēthóon	βοηθόω boēthóō	βοηθόω boēthóō	βοηθόοι boēthóoi	βοηθόᾰ boēthóă
Genitive	βοηθόου boēthóou	βοηθόου boēthóou	βοηθόοιν boēthóoin	βοηθόοιν boēthóoin	βοηθόων boēthóōn	βοηθόων boēthóōn
Dative	βοηθόῳ boēthóōi	βοηθόῳ boēthóōi	βοηθόοιν boēthóoin	βοηθόοιν boēthóoin	βοηθόοις boēthóois	βοηθόοις boēthóois
Accusative	βοηθόον boēthóon	βοηθόον boēthóon	βοηθόω boēthóō	βοηθόω boēthóō	βοηθόους boēthóous	βοηθόᾰ boēthóă
Vocative	βοηθόε boēthóe	βοηθόον boēthóon	βοηθόω boēthóō	βοηθόω boēthóō	βοηθόοι boēthóoi	βοηθόᾰ boēthóă
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	βοηθόως boēthóōs		βοηθοώτερος boēthoṓteros		βοηθοώτᾰτος boēthoṓtătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

βοηθός (boēthós, “auxiliary”)
βοήθεια (boḗtheia, “help, aid”)
βοηθέω (boēthéō, “come to aid, succour, assist, aid”)
βοήθησις (boḗthēsis, “aid, succour”)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βοηθόος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 224