εὕδω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Unknown. There are several unconvincing suggestions: the first links the word to Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃 (sutis, “mild, tolerable”), and further to Latin sūdus (“bright, clear”). The second one derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *swep- (“to sleep”), the same root of ὕπνος (húpnos, “sleep”) and Sanskrit स्वपिति (svapiti, “to sleep, slumber”); however, this is very unlikely, because of the schwebeablaut involved. The third suggestion connects the word to Old English swodrian (“to sleep tight”).

Pronunciation

 

Verb

εὕδω • (heúdō)

  1. to sleep
    Synonyms: δαρθάνω (darthánō), καθεύδω (katheúdō), κνώσσω (knṓssō), κοιμάομαι (koimáomai)

Inflection

   Present: εὕδω, εὕδομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative εὕδω εὕδεις εὕδει εὕδετον εὕδετον εὕδομεν εὕδετε εὕδουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive εὕδω εὕδῃς εὕδῃ εὕδητον εὕδητον εὕδωμεν εὕδητε εὕδωσῐ(ν)
optative εὕδοιμῐ εὕδοις εὕδοι εὕδοιτον εὑδοίτην εὕδοιμεν εὕδοιτε εὕδοιεν
imperative   εὗδε εὑδέτω εὕδετον εὑδέτων   εὕδετε εὑδόντων
middle/
passive 		indicative εὕδομαι εὕδῃ,
εὕδει 		εὕδεται εὕδεσθον εὕδεσθον εὑδόμεθᾰ εὕδεσθε εὕδονται
subjunctive εὕδωμαι εὕδῃ εὕδηται εὕδησθον εὕδησθον εὑδώμεθᾰ εὕδησθε εὕδωνται
optative εὑδοίμην εὕδοιο εὕδοιτο εὕδοισθον εὑδοίσθην εὑδοίμεθᾰ εὕδοισθε εὕδοιντο
imperative   εὕδου εὑδέσθω εὕδεσθον εὑδέσθων   εὕδεσθε εὑδέσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive εὕδειν εὕδεσθαι
participle m εὕδων εὑδόμενος
f εὕδουσᾰ εὑδομένη
n εὗδον εὑδόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ηὗδον, ηὑδόμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ηὗδον ηὗδες ηὗδε(ν) ηὕδετον ηὑδέτην ηὕδομεν ηὕδετε ηὗδον
middle/
passive 		indicative ηὑδόμην ηὕδου ηὕδετο ηὕδεσθον ηὑδέσθην ηὑδόμεθᾰ ηὕδεσθε ηὕδοντο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: εὑδήσω, εὑδήσομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative εὑδήσω εὑδήσεις εὑδήσει εὑδήσετον εὑδήσετον εὑδήσομεν εὑδήσετε εὑδήσουσῐ(ν)
optative εὑδήσοιμῐ εὑδήσοις εὑδήσοι εὑδήσοιτον εὑδησοίτην εὑδήσοιμεν εὑδήσοιτε εὑδήσοιεν
middle indicative εὑδήσομαι εὑδήσῃ,
εὑδήσει 		εὑδήσεται εὑδήσεσθον εὑδήσεσθον εὑδησόμεθᾰ εὑδήσεσθε εὑδήσονται
optative εὑδησοίμην εὑδήσοιο εὑδήσοιτο εὑδήσοισθον εὑδησοίσθην εὑδησοίμεθᾰ εὑδήσοισθε εὑδήσοιντο
active middle
infinitive εὑδήσειν εὑδήσεσθαι
participle m εὑδήσων εὑδησόμενος
f εὑδήσουσᾰ εὑδησομένη
n εὑδῆσον εὑδησόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ηὕδησᾰ, ηὑδησᾰ́μην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ηὕδησᾰ ηὕδησᾰς ηὕδησε(ν) ηὑδήσᾰτον ηὑδησᾰ́την ηὑδήσᾰμεν ηὑδήσᾰτε ηὕδησᾰν
subjunctive εὑδήσω εὑδήσῃς εὑδήσῃ εὑδήσητον εὑδήσητον εὑδήσωμεν εὑδήσητε εὑδήσωσῐ(ν)
optative εὑδήσαιμῐ εὑδήσειᾰς,
εὑδήσαις 		εὑδήσειε(ν),
εὑδήσαι 		εὑδήσαιτον εὑδησαίτην εὑδήσαιμεν εὑδήσαιτε εὑδήσειᾰν,
εὑδήσαιεν
imperative   εὕδησον εὑδησᾰ́τω εὑδήσᾰτον εὑδησᾰ́των   εὑδήσᾰτε εὑδησᾰ́ντων
middle indicative ηὑδησᾰ́μην ηὑδήσω ηὑδήσᾰτο ηὑδήσᾰσθον ηὑδησᾰ́σθην ηὑδησᾰ́μεθᾰ ηὑδήσᾰσθε ηὑδήσᾰντο
subjunctive εὑδήσωμαι εὑδήσῃ εὑδήσηται εὑδήσησθον εὑδήσησθον εὑδησώμεθᾰ εὑδήσησθε εὑδήσωνται
optative εὑδησαίμην εὑδήσαιο εὑδήσαιτο εὑδήσαισθον εὑδησαίσθην εὑδησαίμεθᾰ εὑδήσαισθε εὑδήσαιντο
imperative   εὕδησαι εὑδησᾰ́σθω εὑδήσᾰσθον εὑδησᾰ́σθων   εὑδήσᾰσθε εὑδησᾰ́σθων
active middle
infinitive εὑδῆσαι εὑδήσᾰσθαι
participle m εὑδήσᾱς εὑδησᾰ́μενος
f εὑδήσᾱσᾰ εὑδησᾰμένη
n εὑδῆσᾰν εὑδησᾰ́μενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: εὕδησᾰ, εὑδησᾰ́μην (Epic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative εὕδησᾰ εὕδησᾰς εὕδησε(ν) εὑδήσᾰτον εὑδησᾰ́την εὑδήσᾰμεν εὑδήσᾰτε εὕδησᾰν
subjunctive εὑδήσω,
εὑδήσωμῐ 		εὑδήσῃς,
εὑδήσῃσθᾰ 		εὑδήσῃ,
εὑδήσῃσῐ 		εὑδήσητον εὑδήσητον εὑδήσωμεν εὑδήσητε εὑδήσωσῐ(ν)
optative εὑδήσαιμῐ εὑδήσαις,
εὑδήσαισθᾰ,
εὑδήσειᾰς 		εὑδήσειε(ν),
εὑδήσαι 		εὑδησεῖτον εὑδησείτην εὑδησεῖμεν εὑδησεῖτε εὑδησεῖεν
imperative   εὕδησον εὑδησᾰ́τω εὑδήσᾰτον εὑδησᾰ́των   εὑδήσᾰτε εὑδησᾰ́ντων
middle indicative εὑδησᾰ́μην εὑδήσᾰο εὑδήσᾰτο εὑδήσᾰσθον εὑδησᾰ́σθην εὑδησᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ εὑδήσᾰσθε εὑδήσᾰντο
subjunctive εὑδήσωμαι εὑδήσηαι εὑδήσηται εὑδήσησθον εὑδήσησθον εὑδησώμε(σ)θᾰ εὑδήσησθε εὑδήσωνται
optative εὑδησαίμην εὑδήσαιο εὑδήσαιτο εὑδήσαισθον εὑδησαίσθην εὑδησαίμε(σ)θᾰ εὑδήσαισθε εὑδησαίᾰτο
imperative   εὕδησαι εὑδησᾰ́σθω εὑδήσᾰσθον εὑδησᾰ́σθων   εὑδήσᾰσθε εὑδησᾰ́σθων
active middle
infinitive εὑδῆσαι/εὑδησᾰ́μεν/εὑδησᾰμέναι εὑδήσᾰσθαι
participle m εὑδήσᾱς εὑδησᾰ́μενος
f εὑδήσᾱσᾰ εὑδησᾰμένη
n εὑδῆσᾰν εὑδησᾰ́μενον
Notes:
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

  • ἐνεύδω (eneúdō)
  • καθεύδω (katheúdō)
  • συνεύδω (suneúdō)

References

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