κάραβος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Origin unclear; the irregular suffix and phonetics suggest it could be a Pre-Greek,[1][2] Ancient Macedonian,[3] Semitic,[4] or Slavic[5] loan, although ideophonic origin has also been suggested (see خرچنگ); for more, see English crab. Latin carabus is thought to be borrowed from Greek. Compare Latin scarabaeus, Armenian քարբ (kʻarb); Arabic عَقْرَب (ʕaqrab) and قَارِب (qārib), perhaps from the same ultimate source. Compare also Proto-Slavic *korãbľь.

Pronunciation

 

Noun

κᾱ́ρᾰβος • (kā́răbos) m (genitive κᾱρᾰ́βου); second declension

  1. a kind of beetle, probably a longhorn beetle
  2. a kind of crustacean, probably a crayfish
  3. a small boat

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κᾱ́ρᾰβος; τοῦ κᾱρᾰ́βου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ κᾱ́ρᾰβος
ho kā́răbos 		τὼ κᾱρᾰ́βω
tṑ kārắbō 		οἱ κᾱ́ρᾰβοι
hoi kā́răboi
Genitive τοῦ κᾱρᾰ́βου
toû kārắbou 		τοῖν κᾱρᾰ́βοιν
toîn kārắboin 		τῶν κᾱρᾰ́βων
tôn kārắbōn
Dative τῷ κᾱρᾰ́βῳ
tōî kārắbōi 		τοῖν κᾱρᾰ́βοιν
toîn kārắboin 		τοῖς κᾱρᾰ́βοις
toîs kārắbois
Accusative τὸν κᾱ́ρᾰβον
tòn kā́răbon 		τὼ κᾱρᾰ́βω
tṑ kārắbō 		τοὺς κᾱρᾰ́βους
toùs kārắbous
Vocative κᾱ́ρᾰβε
kā́răbe 		κᾱρᾰ́βω
kārắbō 		κᾱ́ρᾰβοι
kā́răboi
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Old Armenian: կարապոս (karapos)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κᾱ́ρᾰβος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 642
  2. ^ Robert S. P. Beekes, Greek etymological dictionary
  3. ^ Klein, Dr. Ernest, A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language,
  4. ^ “Proto-Semitic root: *ʕaḳrab-; Number 2340” in Georgiy Starostin, Tower of Babel, Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin.
  5. ^ Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “korab”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volumes II: K—Kot, Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego, page 472

Further reading

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