κάρχαρος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κάρκαρος (kárkaros)

Etymology

Unknown, probably onomatopoeic, from an earlier reduplicated stem *kʰar-kʰar-. The variation may also indicate Pre-Greek origin.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kár.kʰa.ros/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.kʰa.ros/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.xa.ros/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.xa.ros/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.xa.ros/

Adjective

κάρχᾰρος • (kárkhăros) m or f (neuter κάρχᾰρον); second declension or
κάρχᾰρος • (kárkhăros) m (feminine καρχάρᾱ, neuter κάρχᾰρον); first/second declension

sharp-pointed, jagged, with sharp or jagged teeth
(figurative) sharp, biting (of language)

Declension

As a two-ending adjective:

Second declension of κᾰ́ρχᾰρος; κᾰ́ρχᾰρον (Attic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κᾰ́ρχᾰρος kắrkhăros	κᾰ́ρχᾰρον kắrkhăron	κᾰρχᾰ́ρω kărkhắrō	κᾰρχᾰ́ρω kărkhắrō	κᾰ́ρχᾰροι kắrkhăroi	κᾰ́ρχᾰρᾰ kắrkhără
Genitive	κᾰρχᾰ́ρου kărkhắrou	κᾰρχᾰ́ρου kărkhắrou	κᾰρχᾰ́ροιν kărkhắroin	κᾰρχᾰ́ροιν kărkhắroin	κᾰρχᾰ́ρων kărkhắrōn	κᾰρχᾰ́ρων kărkhắrōn
Dative	κᾰρχᾰ́ρῳ kărkhắrōi	κᾰρχᾰ́ρῳ kărkhắrōi	κᾰρχᾰ́ροιν kărkhắroin	κᾰρχᾰ́ροιν kărkhắroin	κᾰρχᾰ́ροις kărkhắrois	κᾰρχᾰ́ροις kărkhắrois
Accusative	κᾰ́ρχᾰρον kắrkhăron	κᾰ́ρχᾰρον kắrkhăron	κᾰρχᾰ́ρω kărkhắrō	κᾰρχᾰ́ρω kărkhắrō	κᾰρχᾰ́ρους kărkhắrous	κᾰ́ρχᾰρᾰ kắrkhără
Vocative	κᾰ́ρχᾰρε kắrkhăre	κᾰ́ρχᾰρον kắrkhăron	κᾰρχᾰ́ρω kărkhắrō	κᾰρχᾰ́ρω kărkhắrō	κᾰ́ρχᾰροι kắrkhăroi	κᾰ́ρχᾰρᾰ kắrkhără
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	κᾰρχᾰ́ρως kărkhắrōs		κᾰρχᾰρώτερος kărkhărṓteros		κᾰρχᾰρώτᾰτος kărkhărṓtătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

As a three-ending adjective:

First and second declension of κᾰ́ρχᾰρος; κᾰρχᾰ́ρᾱ; κᾰ́ρχᾰρον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κᾰ́ρχᾰρος kắrkhăros	κᾰρχᾰ́ρᾱ kărkhắrā	κᾰ́ρχᾰρον kắrkhăron	κᾰρχᾰ́ρω kărkhắrō	κᾰρχᾰ́ρᾱ kărkhắrā	κᾰρχᾰ́ρω kărkhắrō	κᾰ́ρχᾰροι kắrkhăroi	κᾰ́ρχᾰραι kắrkhărai	κᾰ́ρχᾰρᾰ kắrkhără
Genitive	κᾰρχᾰ́ρου kărkhắrou	κᾰρχᾰ́ρᾱς kărkhắrās	κᾰρχᾰ́ρου kărkhắrou	κᾰρχᾰ́ροιν kărkhắroin	κᾰρχᾰ́ραιν kărkhắrain	κᾰρχᾰ́ροιν kărkhắroin	κᾰρχᾰ́ρων kărkhắrōn	κᾰρχᾰ́ρων kărkhắrōn	κᾰρχᾰ́ρων kărkhắrōn
Dative	κᾰρχᾰ́ρῳ kărkhắrōi	κᾰρχᾰ́ρᾳ kărkhắrāi	κᾰρχᾰ́ρῳ kărkhắrōi	κᾰρχᾰ́ροιν kărkhắroin	κᾰρχᾰ́ραιν kărkhắrain	κᾰρχᾰ́ροιν kărkhắroin	κᾰρχᾰ́ροις kărkhắrois	κᾰρχᾰ́ραις kărkhắrais	κᾰρχᾰ́ροις kărkhắrois
Accusative	κᾰ́ρχᾰρον kắrkhăron	κᾰρχᾰ́ρᾱν kărkhắrān	κᾰ́ρχᾰρον kắrkhăron	κᾰρχᾰ́ρω kărkhắrō	κᾰρχᾰ́ρᾱ kărkhắrā	κᾰρχᾰ́ρω kărkhắrō	κᾰρχᾰ́ρους kărkhắrous	κᾰρχᾰ́ρᾱς kărkhắrās	κᾰ́ρχᾰρᾰ kắrkhără
Vocative	κᾰ́ρχᾰρε kắrkhăre	κᾰρχᾰ́ρᾱ kărkhắrā	κᾰ́ρχᾰρον kắrkhăron	κᾰρχᾰ́ρω kărkhắrō	κᾰρχᾰ́ρᾱ kărkhắrā	κᾰρχᾰ́ρω kărkhắrō	κᾰ́ρχᾰροι kắrkhăroi	κᾰ́ρχᾰραι kắrkhărai	κᾰ́ρχᾰρᾰ kắrkhără
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	κᾰρχᾰ́ρως kărkhắrōs			κᾰρχᾰρώτερος kărkhărṓteros			κᾰρχᾰρώτᾰτος kărkhărṓtătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

καρχαρέος (karkharéos)
καρχαρίᾱς (karkharíās)
καρχαρόδους (karkharódous)
καρχαρόδων (karkharódōn)

Descendants

→⇒ Translingual: Carcharodon, Carcharodontosaurus

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN