κάστανα

See also: καστανά

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κᾰ́στᾰνον (kắstănon) — rare singular
κᾰστᾰ́ναιᾰ (kăstắnaiă), κᾰ́στᾰνοι (kắstănoi), κᾰστᾰνῐ́αι (kăstănĭ́ai), κᾰστᾰ́νειᾰ (kăstắneiă)

Etymology

Borrowed from a substrate, either Pre-Greek or Anatolian. Compare also Old Armenian կասկ (kask, “chestnut”)^[1] and Albanian thanë (“cranberry shrub; cornel”) (< Proto-Albanian *tsàna), which appear to be from the same Mediterranean substrate. Has been claimed by ancient writers to derive from Καστανέα (Kastanéa), a location in Magnesia, Thessalia, but the location itself is most likely named after the tree.

Other theories link the word as potentially from Doric Greek κάστον (káston, “wood”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kás.ta.na/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkas.ta.na/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkas.ta.na/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkas.ta.na/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkas.ta.na/

Noun

κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ • (kắstănă) n pl (genitive κᾰστᾰ́νων); second declension

sweet chestnuts

Declension

Second declension of τᾰ̀ κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ; τῶν κᾰστᾰ́νων (Attic)

Case / #	Plural
Nominative	τᾰ̀ κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ tằ kắstănă
Genitive	τῶν κᾰστᾰ́νων tôn kăstắnōn
Dative	τοῖς κᾰστᾰ́νοις toîs kăstắnois
Accusative	τᾰ̀ κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ tằ kắstănă
Vocative	κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ kắstănă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

Greek: κάστανο (kástano)
→ Arabic: كستناء (kastanāʔ) (see there for further descendants)
→ Classical Syriac: ܩܣܛܢܝܐ (qasṭāniyā) (via variant κᾰστᾰ́νειᾰ (kăstắneiă))
- → Arabic: كستانية (kastāniya)
→ Latin: castanea (see there for further descendants)
→ Middle Armenian: կաստանայ (kastanay)
→ Ottoman Turkish: كستانه (kestane) (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κάστανα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 655

Greek

Noun

κάστανα • (kástana) n

nominative/accusative/vocative plural of κάστανο (kástano)

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κάστανα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 655

[1]

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Descendants

References

Further reading

Greek

Noun