καθέδρα

Ancient Greek

From κατά (katá, “down”) +‎ ἕδρα (hédra, “seat”).^[1]

κᾰθέδρᾱ • (kăthédrā) f (genitive κᾰθέδρᾱς); first declension

seat
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cynegeticus 4.4
1. chair
  - 320 CE – 403 CE, Oribasius, Collected Works 6.25.1
  - 170 CE – 240 CE, Herodian, History of the Empire from the Death of Marcus 2.3.7
  - 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.714e
2. (nautical) rower's seat
  - 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 1.21.2
3. sitting part, posterior, bottom
  - 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates of Kos, On Internal Affections 47
  - ante 177 CE, Pollux, Onomasticon 2.184
4. (architecture) base of a column
  - 64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 17.1.46
sitting posture
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Categories p6b.11
- 350 BCE, Aristotle, Parts of Animals 4.689b.21
- 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, On Fatigue 5
- 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, On Fatigue 7
- 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.45c
1. seated idleness, inaction
  - 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.18
  - 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Camillus 28
2. session
teacher's chair, professorial chair
- 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 23:2
imperial throne
1. (figurative) imperial representative

First declension of ἡ κᾰθέδρᾱ; τῆς κᾰθέδρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ κᾰθέδρᾱ hē kăthédrā	τὼ κᾰθέδρᾱ tṑ kăthédrā	αἱ κᾰθέδραι hai kăthédrai
Genitive	τῆς κᾰθέδρᾱς tês kăthédrās	τοῖν κᾰθέδραιν toîn kăthédrain	τῶν κᾰθεδρῶν tôn kăthedrôn
Dative	τῇ κᾰθέδρᾳ tēî kăthédrāi	τοῖν κᾰθέδραιν toîn kăthédrain	ταῖς κᾰθέδραις taîs kăthédrais
Accusative	τὴν κᾰθέδρᾱν tḕn kăthédrān	τὼ κᾰθέδρᾱ tṑ kăthédrā	τᾱ̀ς κᾰθέδρᾱς tā̀s kăthédrās
Vocative	κᾰθέδρᾱ kăthédrā	κᾰθέδρᾱ kăthédrā	κᾰθέδραι kăthédrai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

→ Latin: cathedra (see there for further descendants)
→ Old Church Slavonic: каѳедра (kaθedra)
- → Belarusian: ка́федра (káfjedra)
- → Russian: ка́федра (káfedra)
- → Ukrainian: ка́федра (káfedra)
→ Georgian: კათედრა (ḳatedra)

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἕδρᾱ (> COMP > καθέδρα)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 374

“καθέδρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“καθέδρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
καθέδρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
G2515 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
καθέδρα in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- inaction idem, page 427.
καθέδρα, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011