κακοήθης

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From κακο- (kako-, “bad”) +‎ ἦθος (êthos, “character”) +‎ -ης (-ēs, adjective suffix).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.ko.ɛ̌ː.tʰɛːs/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ka.koˈe̝.tʰe̝s/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ka.koˈi.θis/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ka.koˈi.θis/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ka.koˈi.θis/

Adjective

κᾰκοήθης • (kăkoḗthēs) m or f (neuter κακόηθες); third declension

(of humans and animals) ill-disposed, malicious
(of humans) thinking evil; given to the worst disposition for a situation
(of things) infamous, abominable
(medicine, of sores, fevers, diseases) malignant
(neuter, substantive, κᾰκόηθες) a bad habit

Declension

Third declension of κᾰκοήθης; κᾰκόηθες (contracted, Attic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κᾰκοήθης kăkoḗthēs	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes	κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei	κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei	κᾰκοήθεις kăkoḗtheis	κᾰκοήθη kăkoḗthē
Genitive	κᾰκοήθους kăkoḗthous	κᾰκοήθους kăkoḗthous	κᾰκοήθοιν kăkoḗthoin	κᾰκοήθοιν kăkoḗthoin	κᾰκοήθων kăkoḗthōn	κᾰκοήθων kăkoḗthōn
Dative	κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei	κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei	κᾰκοήθοιν kăkoḗthoin	κᾰκοήθοιν kăkoḗthoin	κᾰκοήθεσῐ / κᾰκοήθεσῐν kăkoḗthesĭ(n)	κᾰκοήθεσῐ / κᾰκοήθεσῐν kăkoḗthesĭ(n)
Accusative	κᾰκοήθη kăkoḗthē	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes	κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei	κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei	κᾰκοήθεις kăkoḗtheis	κᾰκοήθη kăkoḗthē
Vocative	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes	κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei	κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei	κᾰκοήθεις kăkoḗtheis	κᾰκοήθη kăkoḗthē
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	κᾰκοήθως kăkoḗthōs		κᾰκοηθέστερος kăkoēthésteros		κᾰκοηθέστᾰτος kăkoēthéstătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of κᾰκοήθης; κᾰκόηθες (uncontracted, Ionic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κᾰκοήθης kăkoḗthēs	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗthee	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗthee	κᾰκοήθεις / κᾰκοήθεες kăkoḗtheis / kăkoḗthees	κᾰκοήθεᾰ kăkoḗtheă
Genitive	κᾰκοήθεος / κᾰκοήθευς kăkoḗtheos / kăkoḗtheus	κᾰκοήθεος / κᾰκοήθευς kăkoḗtheos / kăkoḗtheus	κᾰκοηθέοιν kăkoēthéoin	κᾰκοηθέοιν kăkoēthéoin	κᾰκοηθέων kăkoēthéōn	κᾰκοηθέων kăkoēthéōn
Dative	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεῐ̈ kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗtheĭ̈	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεῐ̈ kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗtheĭ̈	κᾰκοηθέοιν kăkoēthéoin	κᾰκοηθέοιν kăkoēthéoin	κᾰκοήθεσῐ / κᾰκοήθεσῐν kăkoḗthesĭ(n)	κᾰκοήθεσῐ / κᾰκοήθεσῐν kăkoḗthesĭ(n)
Accusative	κᾰκοήθεᾰ kăkoḗtheă	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗthee	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗthee	κᾰκοήθεᾰς kăkoḗtheăs	κᾰκοήθεᾰ kăkoḗtheă
Vocative	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗthee	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗthee	κᾰκοήθεις / κᾰκοήθεες kăkoḗtheis / kăkoḗthees	κᾰκοήθεᾰ kăkoḗtheă
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	κᾰκοηθέως kăkoēthéōs		κᾰκοηθέστερος kăkoēthésteros		κᾰκοηθέστᾰτος kăkoēthéstătos
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Antonyms

εὐήθης (euḗthēs)

Derived terms

κᾰκοήθεια (kăkoḗtheia)
κᾰκοήθευμα (kăkoḗtheuma)
κᾰκοηθεύομαι (kăkoētheúomai)
κᾰκοηθίζομαι (kăkoēthízomai)
κᾰκοηθίη (kăkoēthíē)
κακοηθιστέον (kakoēthistéon)
κᾰκοηθιστέον (kăkoēthistéon)

References

“κακοήθης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“κακοήθης”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
κακοήθης in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- ill-natured idem, page 416.
- ill-tempered idem, page 416.
- malevolent idem, page 510.
- malicious idem, page 510.
- mischievous idem, page 533.
- spiteful idem, page 802.