καταβολή

Ancient Greek

From κᾰτᾰβάλλω (kătăbállō, “to set down”) +‎ -η (-ē).

κᾰτᾰβολή • (kătăbolḗ) f (genitive κᾰτᾰβολῆς); first declension

First declension of ἡ κᾰτᾰβολή; τῆς κᾰτᾰβολῆς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ κᾰτᾰβολή hē kătăbolḗ	τὼ κᾰτᾰβολᾱ́ tṑ kătăbolā́	αἱ κᾰτᾰβολαί hai kătăbolaí
Genitive	τῆς κᾰτᾰβολῆς tês kătăbolês	τοῖν κᾰτᾰβολαῖν toîn kătăbolaîn	τῶν κᾰτᾰβολῶν tôn kătăbolôn
Dative	τῇ κᾰτᾰβολῇ tēî kătăbolēî	τοῖν κᾰτᾰβολαῖν toîn kătăbolaîn	ταῖς κᾰτᾰβολαῖς taîs kătăbolaîs
Accusative	τὴν κᾰτᾰβολήν tḕn kătăbolḗn	τὼ κᾰτᾰβολᾱ́ tṑ kătăbolā́	τᾱ̀ς κᾰτᾰβολᾱ́ς tā̀s kătăbolā́s
Vocative	κᾰτᾰβολή kătăbolḗ	κᾰτᾰβολᾱ́ kătăbolā́	κᾰτᾰβολαί kătăbolaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek καταβολή (katabolḗ). The 'exhaustion' sense is derived from the 'exhaust' sense of καταβάλλω (katavállo).^[1]

καταβολή • (katavolí) f (plural καταβολές)

payment, defrayal, defrayment
(chiefly in the plural) foundations, origins
από καταβολής κόσμου (sometimes hyperbolic)
apó katavolís kósmou
since the world began, since the dawn of time
(literally, “from the foundation of the world”)
(medicine) exhaustion
καταβολή δυνάμεων
katavolí dynámeon
loss of strength

^ καταβολή, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language