κατερύω
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- κᾰτειρῠ́ω (kăteirŭ́ō) — Ionic
Etymology
κᾰτ(ᾰ)- (kăt(ă)-, “downwards”) + ἐρῠ́ω (erŭ́ō, “draw, drag, pull”)
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ka.te.rý.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ka.teˈry.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ka.teˈry.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ka.teˈry.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ka.teˈri.o/
Verb
κᾰτερῠ́ω • (kăterŭ́ō)
- draw, haul down
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.260–261:[1]
- ἐν δ’ ὑπέρας τε κάλους τε πόδας τ’ ἐνέδησεν ἐν αὐτῇ,
μοχλοῖσιν δ’ ἄρα τήν γε κατείρυσεν εἰς ἅλα δῖαν.- en d’ hupéras te kálous te pódas t’ enédēsen en autēî,
mokhloîsin d’ ára tḗn ge kateírusen eis hála dîan.
- 1919 translation by Augustus Taber Murray[2]
- And he made fast in the raft braces and halyards and sheets,
and then with levers forced it down into the bright sea.
- And he made fast in the raft braces and halyards and sheets,
- en d’ hupéras te kálous te pódas t’ enédēsen en autēî,
- ἐν δ’ ὑπέρας τε κάλους τε πόδας τ’ ἐνέδησεν ἐν αὐτῇ,
Conjugation
Present: κᾰτερῠ́ω, κᾰτερῠ́ομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κᾰτερῠ́ω | κᾰτερῠ́εις | κᾰτερῠ́ει | κᾰτερῠ́ετον | κᾰτερῠ́ετον | κᾰτερῠ́ομεν | κᾰτερῠ́ετε | κᾰτερῠ́ουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰτερῠ́ω | κᾰτερῠ́ῃς | κᾰτερῠ́ῃ | κᾰτερῠ́ητον | κᾰτερῠ́ητον | κᾰτερῠ́ωμεν | κᾰτερῠ́ητε | κᾰτερῠ́ωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κᾰτερῠ́οιμῐ | κᾰτερῠ́οις | κᾰτερῠ́οι | κᾰτερῠ́οιτον | κᾰτερῠοίτην | κᾰτερῠ́οιμεν | κᾰτερῠ́οιτε | κᾰτερῠ́οιεν | |||||
| imperative | κᾰτέρῠε | κᾰτερῠέτω | κᾰτερῠ́ετον | κᾰτερῠέτων | κᾰτερῠ́ετε | κᾰτερῠόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | κᾰτερῠ́ομαι | κᾰτερῠ́ῃ, κᾰτερῠ́ει |
κᾰτερῠ́εται | κᾰτερῠ́εσθον | κᾰτερῠ́εσθον | κᾰτερῠόμεθᾰ | κᾰτερῠ́εσθε | κᾰτερῠ́ονται | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰτερῠ́ωμαι | κᾰτερῠ́ῃ | κᾰτερῠ́ηται | κᾰτερῠ́ησθον | κᾰτερῠ́ησθον | κᾰτερῠώμεθᾰ | κᾰτερῠ́ησθε | κᾰτερῠ́ωνται | |||||
| optative | κᾰτερῠοίμην | κᾰτερῠ́οιο | κᾰτερῠ́οιτο | κᾰτερῠ́οισθον | κᾰτερῠοίσθην | κᾰτερῠοίμεθᾰ | κᾰτερῠ́οισθε | κᾰτερῠ́οιντο | |||||
| imperative | κᾰτερῠ́ου | κᾰτερῠέσθω | κᾰτερῠ́εσθον | κᾰτερῠέσθων | κᾰτερῠ́εσθε | κᾰτερῠέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | κᾰτερῠ́ειν | κᾰτερῠ́εσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | κᾰτερῠ́ων | κᾰτερῠόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | κᾰτερῠ́ουσᾰ | κᾰτερῠομένη | |||||||||||
| n | κᾰτερῠ́ον | κᾰτερῠόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Present: κᾰτειρῠ́ω, κᾰτειρῠ́ομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κᾰτειρῠ́ω | κᾰτειρῠ́εις | κᾰτειρῠ́ει | κᾰτειρῠ́ετον | κᾰτειρῠ́ετον | κᾰτειρῠ́ομεν | κᾰτειρῠ́ετε | κᾰτειρῠ́ουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰτειρῠ́ω | κᾰτειρῠ́ῃς | κᾰτειρῠ́ῃ | κᾰτειρῠ́ητον | κᾰτειρῠ́ητον | κᾰτειρῠ́ωμεν | κᾰτειρῠ́ητε | κᾰτειρῠ́ωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κᾰτειρῠ́οιμῐ | κᾰτειρῠ́οις | κᾰτειρῠ́οι | κᾰτειρῠ́οιτον | κᾰτειρῠοίτην | κᾰτειρῠ́οιμεν | κᾰτειρῠ́οιτε | κᾰτειρῠ́οιεν | |||||
| imperative | κᾰτείρῠε | κᾰτειρῠέτω | κᾰτειρῠ́ετον | κᾰτειρῠέτων | κᾰτειρῠ́ετε | κᾰτειρῠόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | κᾰτειρῠ́ομαι | κᾰτειρῠ́ῃ, κᾰτειρῠ́ει |
κᾰτειρῠ́εται | κᾰτειρῠ́εσθον | κᾰτειρῠ́εσθον | κᾰτειρῠόμεθᾰ | κᾰτειρῠ́εσθε | κᾰτειρῠ́ονται | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰτειρῠ́ωμαι | κᾰτειρῠ́ῃ | κᾰτειρῠ́ηται | κᾰτειρῠ́ησθον | κᾰτειρῠ́ησθον | κᾰτειρῠώμεθᾰ | κᾰτειρῠ́ησθε | κᾰτειρῠ́ωνται | |||||
| optative | κᾰτειρῠοίμην | κᾰτειρῠ́οιο | κᾰτειρῠ́οιτο | κᾰτειρῠ́οισθον | κᾰτειρῠοίσθην | κᾰτειρῠοίμεθᾰ | κᾰτειρῠ́οισθε | κᾰτειρῠ́οιντο | |||||
| imperative | κᾰτειρῠ́ου | κᾰτειρῠέσθω | κᾰτειρῠ́εσθον | κᾰτειρῠέσθων | κᾰτειρῠ́εσθε | κᾰτειρῠέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | κᾰτειρῠ́ειν | κᾰτειρῠ́εσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | κᾰτειρῠ́ων | κᾰτειρῠόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | κᾰτειρῠ́ουσᾰ | κᾰτειρῠομένη | |||||||||||
| n | κᾰτειρῠ́ον | κᾰτειρῠόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future: κᾰτερῠ́σω, κᾰτερῠ́σομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κᾰτερῠ́σω | κᾰτερῠ́σεις | κᾰτερῠ́σει | κᾰτερῠ́σετον | κᾰτερῠ́σετον | κᾰτερῠ́σομεν | κᾰτερῠ́σετε | κᾰτερῠ́σουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | κᾰτερῠ́σοιμῐ | κᾰτερῠ́σοις | κᾰτερῠ́σοι | κᾰτερῠ́σοιτον | κᾰτερῠσοίτην | κᾰτερῠ́σοιμεν | κᾰτερῠ́σοιτε | κᾰτερῠ́σοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | κᾰτερῠ́σομαι | κᾰτερῠ́σῃ, κᾰτερῠ́σει |
κᾰτερῠ́σεται | κᾰτερῠ́σεσθον | κᾰτερῠ́σεσθον | κᾰτερῠσόμεθᾰ | κᾰτερῠ́σεσθε | κᾰτερῠ́σονται | ||||
| optative | κᾰτερῠσοίμην | κᾰτερῠ́σοιο | κᾰτερῠ́σοιτο | κᾰτερῠ́σοισθον | κᾰτερῠσοίσθην | κᾰτερῠσοίμεθᾰ | κᾰτερῠ́σοισθε | κᾰτερῠ́σοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | κᾰτερῠ́σειν | κᾰτερῠ́σεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | κᾰτερῠ́σων | κᾰτερῠσόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | κᾰτερῠ́σουσᾰ | κᾰτερῠσομένη | |||||||||||
| n | κᾰτερῠ́σον | κᾰτερῠσόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κᾰτερῠ́σσω | κᾰτερῠ́σσεις | κᾰτερῠ́σσει | κᾰτερῠ́σσετον | κᾰτερῠ́σσετον | κᾰτερῠ́σσομεν | κᾰτερῠ́σσετε | κᾰτερῠ́σσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | κᾰτερῠ́σσοιμῐ | κᾰτερῠ́σσοισ(θᾰ) | κᾰτερῠ́σσοι | κᾰτερῠ́σσοιτον | κᾰτερῠσσοίτην | κᾰτερῠ́σσοιμεν | κᾰτερῠ́σσοιτε | κᾰτερῠ́σσοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | κᾰτερῠ́σσομαι | κᾰτερῠ́σσεαι | κᾰτερῠ́σσεται | κᾰτερῠ́σσεσθον | κᾰτερῠ́σσεσθον | κᾰτερῠσσόμε(σ)θᾰ | κᾰτερῠ́σσεσθε | κᾰτερῠ́σσονται | ||||
| optative | κᾰτερῠσσοίμην | κᾰτερῠ́σσοιο | κᾰτερῠ́σσοιτο | κᾰτερῠ́σσοισθον | κᾰτερῠσσοίσθην | κᾰτερῠσσοίμε(σ)θᾰ | κᾰτερῠ́σσοισθε | κᾰτερῠσσοίᾰτο | |||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | κᾰτερῠ́σσειν/κᾰτερῠσσέμεν(αι)/κᾰτερῠ́σσμεν(αι) | κᾰτερῠ́σσεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | κᾰτερῠ́σσων | κᾰτερῠσσόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | κᾰτερῠ́σσουσᾰ | κᾰτερῠσσομένη | |||||||||||
| n | κᾰτερῠ́σσον | κᾰτερῠσσόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: κᾰτείρῠσᾰ, κᾰτειρῠσᾰ́μην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κᾰτείρῠσᾰ | κᾰτείρῠσᾰς | κᾰτείρῠσε(ν) | κᾰτειρῠ́σᾰτον | κᾰτειρῠσᾰ́την | κᾰτειρῠ́σᾰμεν | κᾰτειρῠ́σᾰτε | κᾰτείρῠσᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰτερῠ́σω | κᾰτερῠ́σῃς | κᾰτερῠ́σῃ | κᾰτερῠ́σητον | κᾰτερῠ́σητον | κᾰτερῠ́σωμεν | κᾰτερῠ́σητε | κᾰτερῠ́σωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κᾰτερῠ́σαιμῐ | κᾰτερῠ́σειᾰς, κᾰτερῠ́σαις |
κᾰτερῠ́σειε(ν), κᾰτερῠ́σαι |
κᾰτερῠ́σαιτον | κᾰτερῠσαίτην | κᾰτερῠ́σαιμεν | κᾰτερῠ́σαιτε | κᾰτερῠ́σειᾰν, κᾰτερῠ́σαιεν | |||||
| imperative | κᾰτέρῠσον | κᾰτερῠσᾰ́τω | κᾰτερῠ́σᾰτον | κᾰτερῠσᾰ́των | κᾰτερῠ́σᾰτε | κᾰτερῠσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | κᾰτειρῠσᾰ́μην | κᾰτειρῠ́σω | κᾰτειρῠ́σᾰτο | κᾰτειρῠ́σᾰσθον | κᾰτειρῠσᾰ́σθην | κᾰτειρῠσᾰ́μεθᾰ | κᾰτειρῠ́σᾰσθε | κᾰτειρῠ́σᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰτερῠ́σωμαι | κᾰτερῠ́σῃ | κᾰτερῠ́σηται | κᾰτερῠ́σησθον | κᾰτερῠ́σησθον | κᾰτερῠσώμεθᾰ | κᾰτερῠ́σησθε | κᾰτερῠ́σωνται | |||||
| optative | κᾰτερῠσαίμην | κᾰτερῠ́σαιο | κᾰτερῠ́σαιτο | κᾰτερῠ́σαισθον | κᾰτερῠσαίσθην | κᾰτερῠσαίμεθᾰ | κᾰτερῠ́σαισθε | κᾰτερῠ́σαιντο | |||||
| imperative | κᾰτέρῠσαι | κᾰτερῠσᾰ́σθω | κᾰτερῠ́σᾰσθον | κᾰτερῠσᾰ́σθων | κᾰτερῠ́σᾰσθε | κᾰτερῠσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | κᾰτερῠ́σαι | κᾰτερῠ́σᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | κᾰτερῠ́σᾱς | κᾰτερῠσᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
| f | κᾰτερῠ́σᾱσᾰ | κᾰτερῠσᾰμένη | |||||||||||
| n | κᾰτερῠ́σᾰν | κᾰτερῠσᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κᾰτείρῠσσᾰ | κᾰτείρῠσσᾰς | κᾰτείρῠσσε(ν) | κᾰτειρῠ́σσᾰτον | κᾰτειρῠσσᾰ́την | κᾰτειρῠ́σσᾰμεν | κᾰτειρῠ́σσᾰτε | κᾰτείρῠσσᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰτερῠ́σσω, κᾰτερῠ́σσωμῐ |
κᾰτερῠ́σσῃς, κᾰτερῠ́σσῃσθᾰ |
κᾰτερῠ́σσῃ, κᾰτερῠ́σσῃσῐ |
κᾰτερῠ́σσητον | κᾰτερῠ́σσητον | κᾰτερῠ́σσωμεν | κᾰτερῠ́σσητε | κᾰτερῠ́σσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κᾰτερῠ́σσαιμῐ | κᾰτερῠ́σσαις, κᾰτερῠ́σσαισθᾰ, κᾰτερῠ́σσειᾰς |
κᾰτερῠ́σσειε(ν), κᾰτερῠ́σσαι |
κᾰτερῠσσεῖτον | κᾰτερῠσσείτην | κᾰτερῠσσεῖμεν | κᾰτερῠσσεῖτε | κᾰτερῠσσεῖεν | |||||
| imperative | κᾰτέρῠσσον | κᾰτερῠσσᾰ́τω | κᾰτερῠ́σσᾰτον | κᾰτερῠσσᾰ́των | κᾰτερῠ́σσᾰτε | κᾰτερῠσσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | κᾰτειρῠσσᾰ́μην | κᾰτειρῠ́σσᾰο | κᾰτειρῠ́σσᾰτο | κᾰτειρῠ́σσᾰσθον | κᾰτειρῠσσᾰ́σθην | κᾰτειρῠσσᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ | κᾰτειρῠ́σσᾰσθε | κᾰτειρῠ́σσᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰτερῠ́σσωμαι | κᾰτερῠ́σσηαι | κᾰτερῠ́σσηται | κᾰτερῠ́σσησθον | κᾰτερῠ́σσησθον | κᾰτερῠσσώμε(σ)θᾰ | κᾰτερῠ́σσησθε | κᾰτερῠ́σσωνται | |||||
| optative | κᾰτερῠσσαίμην | κᾰτερῠ́σσαιο | κᾰτερῠ́σσαιτο | κᾰτερῠ́σσαισθον | κᾰτερῠσσαίσθην | κᾰτερῠσσαίμε(σ)θᾰ | κᾰτερῠ́σσαισθε | κᾰτερῠσσαίᾰτο | |||||
| imperative | κᾰτέρῠσσαι | κᾰτερῠσσᾰ́σθω | κᾰτερῠ́σσᾰσθον | κᾰτερῠσσᾰ́σθων | κᾰτερῠ́σσᾰσθε | κᾰτερῠσσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | κᾰτερῠ́σσαι/κᾰτερῠσσᾰ́μεν/κᾰτερῠσσᾰμέναι | κᾰτερῠ́σσᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | κᾰτερῠ́σσᾱς | κᾰτερῠσσᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
| f | κᾰτερῠ́σσᾱσᾰ | κᾰτερῠσσᾰμένη | |||||||||||
| n | κᾰτερῠ́σσᾰν | κᾰτερῠσσᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: κᾰτείρῠσμαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | κᾰτείρῠσμαι | κᾰτείρῠσαι | κᾰτείρῠσται | κᾰτείρῠσθον | κᾰτείρῠσθον | κᾰτειρῠ́σμεθᾰ | κᾰτείρῠσθε | κᾰτειρῠσμένοι εἰσῐ́(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰτειρῠσμένος ὦ | κᾰτειρῠσμένος ᾖς | κᾰτειρῠσμένος ᾖ | κᾰτειρῠσμένω ἦτον | κᾰτειρῠσμένω ἦτον | κᾰτειρῠσμένοι ὦμεν | κᾰτειρῠσμένοι ἦτε | κᾰτειρῠσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κᾰτειρῠσμένος εἴην | κᾰτειρῠσμένος εἴης | κᾰτειρῠσμένος εἴη | κᾰτειρῠσμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | κᾰτειρῠσμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | κᾰτειρῠσμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | κᾰτειρῠσμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | κᾰτειρῠσμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | κᾰτείρῠσο | κᾰτειρῠ́σθω | κᾰτείρῠσθον | κᾰτειρῠ́σθων | κᾰτείρῠσθε | κᾰτειρῠ́σθων | |||||||
| middle/passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κᾰτειρῠ́σθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κᾰτειρῠσμένος | |||||||||||
| f | κᾰτειρῠσμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | κᾰτειρῠσμένον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Further reading
- “κατερύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κατερύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κατερύω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κατερύω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- κατερύω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Pape, Wilhelm (1914) “κατερύω”, in Max Sengebusch, editor, Handwörterbuch der griechischen Sprache[3] (in German), 3rd edition, Braunschweig: Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn