κλάζω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *glag- (“to make a noise, clap, twitter”), from Proto-Indo-European *gal- (“to roop, scream, shout”).[1] Cognate with English clack and Latin clangō (“I clang”). Possibly from a root noun *κλάγξ (klánx) + -ι̯ω (-i̯ō).[2]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kláz.dɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkla.zo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈkla.zo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈkla.zo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈkla.zo/
Verb
κλᾰ́ζω • (klắzō)
Inflection
Present: κλᾰ́ζω
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κλᾰ́ζω | κλᾰ́ζεις | κλᾰ́ζει | κλᾰ́ζετον | κλᾰ́ζετον | κλᾰ́ζομεν | κλᾰ́ζετε | κλᾰ́ζουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | κλᾰ́ζω | κλᾰ́ζῃς | κλᾰ́ζῃ | κλᾰ́ζητον | κλᾰ́ζητον | κλᾰ́ζωμεν | κλᾰ́ζητε | κλᾰ́ζωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κλᾰ́ζοιμῐ | κλᾰ́ζοις | κλᾰ́ζοι | κλᾰ́ζοιτον | κλᾰζοίτην | κλᾰ́ζοιμεν | κλᾰ́ζοιτε | κλᾰ́ζοιεν | |||||
| imperative | κλᾰ́ζε | κλᾰζέτω | κλᾰ́ζετον | κλᾰζέτων | κλᾰ́ζετε | κλᾰζόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κλᾰ́ζειν | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κλᾰ́ζων | |||||||||||
| f | κλᾰ́ζουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | κλᾰ́ζον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἔκλᾰζον
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔκλᾰζον | ἔκλᾰζες | ἔκλᾰζε(ν) | ἐκλᾰ́ζετον | ἐκλᾰζέτην | ἐκλᾰ́ζομεν | ἐκλᾰ́ζετε | ἔκλᾰζον | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future: κλᾰ́γξω
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κλᾰ́γξω | κλᾰ́γξεις | κλᾰ́γξει | κλᾰ́γξετον | κλᾰ́γξετον | κλᾰ́γξομεν | κλᾰ́γξετε | κλᾰ́γξουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | κλᾰ́γξοιμῐ | κλᾰ́γξοις | κλᾰ́γξοι | κλᾰ́γξοιτον | κλᾰγξοίτην | κλᾰ́γξοιμεν | κλᾰ́γξοιτε | κλᾰ́γξοιεν | |||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κλᾰ́γξειν | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κλᾰ́γξων | |||||||||||
| f | κλᾰ́γξουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | κλᾰ́γξον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἔκλᾰγξᾰ
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔκλᾰγξᾰ | ἔκλᾰγξᾰς | ἔκλᾰγξε(ν) | ἐκλᾰ́γξᾰτον | ἐκλᾰγξᾰ́την | ἐκλᾰ́γξᾰμεν | ἐκλᾰ́γξᾰτε | ἔκλᾰγξᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | κλᾰ́γξω | κλᾰ́γξῃς | κλᾰ́γξῃ | κλᾰ́γξητον | κλᾰ́γξητον | κλᾰ́γξωμεν | κλᾰ́γξητε | κλᾰ́γξωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κλᾰ́γξαιμῐ | κλᾰ́γξειᾰς / κλᾰ́γξαις | κλᾰ́γξειε(ν) / κλᾰ́γξαι | κλᾰ́γξαιτον | κλᾰγξαίτην | κλᾰ́γξαιμεν | κλᾰ́γξαιτε | κλᾰ́γξειᾰν / κλᾰ́γξαιεν | |||||
| imperative | κλᾰ́γξον | κλᾰγξᾰ́τω | κλᾰ́γξᾰτον | κλᾰγξᾰ́των | κλᾰ́γξᾰτε | κλᾰγξᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κλᾰ́γξαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κλᾰ́γξᾱς | |||||||||||
| f | κλᾰ́γξᾱσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | κλᾰ́γξᾰν | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἔκλᾰγον
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔκλᾰγον | ἔκλᾰγες | ἔκλᾰγε(ν) | ἐκλᾰ́γετον | ἐκλᾰγέτην | ἐκλᾰ́γομεν | ἐκλᾰ́γετε | ἔκλᾰγον | ||||
| subjunctive | κλᾰ́γω | κλᾰ́γῃς | κλᾰ́γῃ | κλᾰ́γητον | κλᾰ́γητον | κλᾰ́γωμεν | κλᾰ́γητε | κλᾰ́γωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κλᾰ́γοιμῐ | κλᾰ́γοις | κλᾰ́γοι | κλᾰ́γοιτον | κλᾰγοίτην | κλᾰ́γοιμεν | κλᾰ́γοιτε | κλᾰ́γοιεν | |||||
| imperative | κλᾰ́γε | κλᾰγέτω | κλᾰ́γετον | κλᾰγέτων | κλᾰ́γετε | κλᾰγόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κλᾰγεῖν | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κλᾰγών | |||||||||||
| f | κλᾰγοῦσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | κλᾰγόν | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: κέκλᾰγγᾰ
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κέκλᾰγγᾰ | κέκλᾰγγᾰς | κέκλᾰγγε(ν) | κεκλᾰ́γγᾰτον | κεκλᾰ́γγᾰτον | κεκλᾰ́γγᾰμεν | κεκλᾰ́γγᾰτε | κεκλᾰ́γγᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | κεκλᾰ́γγω | κεκλᾰ́γγῃς | κεκλᾰ́γγῃ | κεκλᾰ́γγητον | κεκλᾰ́γγητον | κεκλᾰ́γγωμεν | κεκλᾰ́γγητε | κεκλᾰ́γγωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κεκλᾰ́γγοιμῐ / κεκλᾰγγοίην | κεκλᾰ́γγοις / κεκλᾰγγοίης | κεκλᾰ́γγοι / κεκλᾰγγοίη | κεκλᾰ́γγοιτον | κεκλᾰγγοίτην | κεκλᾰ́γγοιμεν | κεκλᾰ́γγοιτε | κεκλᾰ́γγοιεν | |||||
| imperative | κέκλᾰγγε | κεκλᾰγγέτω | κεκλᾰ́γγετον | κεκλᾰγγέτων | κεκλᾰ́γγετε | κεκλᾰγγόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κεκλᾰγγέναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κεκλᾰγγώς | |||||||||||
| f | κεκλᾰγγυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | κεκλᾰγγός | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: κέκλᾱγᾰ (Doric)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κέκλᾱγᾰ | κέκλᾱγᾰς | κέκλᾱγε(ν) | κεκλᾱ́γᾰτον | κεκλᾱ́γᾰτον | κεκλᾱ́γᾰμες | κεκλᾱ́γᾰτε | κεκλᾱγᾰ́τι, κεκλᾱ́γᾰντῐ | ||||
| subjunctive | κεκλᾱ́γω | κεκλᾱ́γῃς | κεκλᾱ́γῃ | κεκλᾱ́γητον | κεκλᾱ́γητον | κεκλᾱ́γωμες | κεκλᾱ́γητε | κεκλᾱ́γωντῐ | |||||
| optative | κεκλᾱ́γοιμῐ / κεκλᾱγοίην | κεκλᾱ́γοις / κεκλᾱγοίης | κεκλᾱ́γοι / κεκλᾱγοίη | κεκλᾱ́γοιτον | κεκλᾱγοίτᾱν | κεκλᾱ́γοιμες | κεκλᾱ́γοιτε | κεκλᾱ́γοιεν | |||||
| imperative | κέκλᾱγε | κεκλᾱγέτω | κεκλᾱ́γετον | κεκλᾱγέτων | κεκλᾱ́γετε | κεκλᾱγόντω | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κεκλᾱγέναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κεκλᾱγώς | |||||||||||
| f | κεκλᾱγυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | κεκλᾱγός | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: κέκληγᾰ (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κέκληγᾰ | κέκληγᾰς | κέκληγε(ν) | κεκλήγᾰτον | κεκλήγᾰτον | κεκλήγᾰμεν | κεκλήγᾰτε | κεκλήγᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | κεκλήγω, κεκλήγωμῐ |
κεκλήγῃς, κεκλήγῃσθᾰ |
κεκλήγῃ, κεκλήγῃσῐ |
κεκλήγητον | κεκλήγητον | κεκλήγωμεν | κεκλήγητε | κεκλήγωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κεκλήγοιμῐ / κεκληγοίην | κεκλήγοις / κεκληγοίης | κεκλήγοι / κεκληγοίη | κεκλήγοιτον | κεκληγοίτην | κεκλήγοιμεν | κεκλήγοιτε | κεκλήγοιεν | |||||
| imperative | κέκληγε | κεκληγέτω | κεκλήγετον | κεκληγέτων | κεκλήγετε | κεκληγόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κεκληγέναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κεκληγώς | |||||||||||
| f | κεκληγυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | κεκληγός | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future perfect: κεκλᾰ́γξομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | κεκλᾰ́γξομαι | κεκλᾰ́γξῃ / κεκλᾰ́γξει | κεκλᾰ́γξεται | κεκλᾰ́γξεσθον | κεκλᾰ́γξεσθον | κεκλᾰγξόμεθᾰ | κεκλᾰ́γξεσθε | κεκλᾰ́γξονται | ||||
| optative | κεκλᾰγξοίμην | κεκλᾰ́γξοιο | κεκλᾰ́γξοιτο | κεκλᾰ́γξοισθον | κεκλᾰγξοίσθην | κεκλᾰγξοίμεθᾰ | κεκλᾰ́γξοισθε | κεκλᾰ́γξοιντο | |||||
| middle/passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κεκλᾰ́γξεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κεκλᾰγξόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | κεκλᾰγξομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | κεκλᾰγξόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἀνακλάζω (anaklázō)
- ἀντικλάζω (antiklázō)
- ἀποκλάζω (apoklázō)
- ἐκκλάζω (ekklázō)
- ἐπικλάζω (epiklázō)
- κεκλήγων (keklḗgōn)
- περικλάζω (periklázō)
- συγκλάζω (sunklázō)
- ὑποκλάζω (hupoklázō)
Related terms
References
- “κλάζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κλάζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κλάζω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κλάζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- κλάζω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “κλάζω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “gal-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 350-351
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 708