κρύσταλλος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
According to Beekes, the word is Pre-Greek — which Beekes claims is the case for all Greek words with the -αλλο- suffix.[1] Contrary to this, the apparent semantic and phonetic relationship to κρύος (krúos, “cold; ice”), Latin crusta (“crust, bark”), and Old English hruse (“ground”) is striking - perhaps the word is a derivative of κρύος (krúos) with the addition of the Pre-Greek suffix.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /krýs.tal.los/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkrys.tal.los/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈkrys.tal.los/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈkrys.tal.los/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈkris.ta.los/
Noun
κρύσταλλος • (krústallos) m (genitive κρυστάλλου); second declension
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ κρύσταλλος ho krústallos |
τὼ κρυστάλλω tṑ krustállō |
οἱ κρύσταλλοι hoi krústalloi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ κρυστάλλου toû krustállou |
τοῖν κρυστάλλοιν toîn krustálloin |
τῶν κρυστάλλων tôn krustállōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ κρυστάλλῳ tōî krustállōi |
τοῖν κρυστάλλοιν toîn krustálloin |
τοῖς κρυστάλλοις toîs krustállois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν κρύσταλλον tòn krústallon |
τὼ κρυστάλλω tṑ krustállō |
τοὺς κρυστάλλους toùs krustállous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | κρύσταλλε krústalle |
κρυστάλλω krustállō |
κρύσταλλοι krústalloi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- κρυστᾰλλῐ́ζω (krustăllĭ́zō)
- κρυστᾰ́λλῐνος (krustắllĭnos)
- κρυστᾰ́λλῐον (krustắllĭon)
- κρυστᾰλλοειδής (krustălloeidḗs)
- κρυστᾰλλόομαι (krustăllóomai)
- κρυστᾰλλόπηκτος (krustăllópēktos)
- κρυστᾰλλοφᾰνής (krustăllophănḗs)
- κρυστᾰλλώδης (krustăllṓdēs)
Descendants
- Byzantine Greek: κρύσταλλον n (krústallon), κρούσταλλον n (kroústallon) (change of gender probably influenced by Latin crystallum)
- Greek: κρύσταλλος m (krýstallos, “molecular structure crystal”)
- → Latin: crystallus f or m, crystallum n, cristallum n (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κρύσταλλος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 787
Further reading
- “κρύσταλλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κρύσταλλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κρύσταλλος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κρύσταλλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- κρύσταλλος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- G2930 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- κρύσταλλος, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɾi.sta.los/
- Hyphenation: κρύ‧σταλ‧λος
Noun
κρύσταλλος • (krýstallos) m (plural κρύσταλλοι)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | κρύσταλλος (krýstallos) | κρύσταλλοι (krýstalloi) |
| genitive | κρυστάλλου (krystállou) | κρυστάλλων (krystállon) |
| accusative | κρύσταλλο (krýstallo) | κρυστάλλους (krystállous) |
| vocative | κρύσταλλε (krýstalle) | κρύσταλλοι (krýstalloi) |
Derived terms
- παγοκρύσταλλος (pagokrýstallos, “icicle”)
Related terms
- αποκρυσταλλώνω (apokrystallóno, “I crystallise”, lit. & fig.)
- αποκρυστλάλλωση f (apokrystlállosi, “crystallisation”)
- κρυσταλλικός (krystallikós, “crystallised”)
- κρυστάλλινος (krystállinos, “cut-glass, crystal”)
- κρύσταλλο n (krýstallo, “crystal: mineral, glass, ice”)
- κρυσταλλώνω (krystallóno, “I crystallise”)
- κρυστάλλωση f (krystállosi, “crystallisation”)
Further reading
- κρύσταλλος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia el