κῆπος

See also: κήπος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κᾶπος (kâpos) — Doric

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂po- (“land, garden”), which seems to be from *keh₂p- (“to seize”) (though Beekes is skeptical of this relation and tentatively separates the two). Almost identical in formation (except for the ending) to Proto-Germanic *hōbō (“piece of land”) (< *keh₂p-h₂); Albanian kopsht (“garden”) is another cognate. More distant connections include Latin capiō (“to seize, capture”), while κάπετος (kápetos, “ditch, trench”) and Old High German habaro (“oats”) are probably not related.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kɛ̂ː.pos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈke̝.pos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈci.pos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈci.pos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈci.pos/

Noun

κῆπος • (kêpos) m (genitive κήπου); second declension

garden, orchard or plantation
enclosure for the Olympic games
sort of fashion of cropping the hair
female genitals
- Diogenes Laertius, Lives of Eminent Philosophers, 2,116, R.D. Hicks, 1925.
  καὶ μέντοι τοὺς Ἀρεοπαγίτας εὐθέως αὐτὸν κελεῦσαι τῆς πόλεως ἐξελθεῖν. ὅτε καὶ Θεόδωρον τὸν ἐπίκλην θεὸν ἐπισκώπτοντα εἰπεῖν, “πόθεν δὲ τοῦτ’ ᾔδει Στίλπων; ἢ ἀνασύρας αὐτῆς τὸν κῆπον ἐθεάσατο;”
  kaì méntoi toùs Areopagítas euthéōs autòn keleûsai tês póleōs exeltheîn. hóte kaì Theódōron tòn epíklēn theòn episkṓptonta eipeîn, “póthen dè toût’ ēídei Stílpōn? ḕ anasúras autês tòn kêpon etheásato?”
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Synonyms: δορίαλλος (doríallos), σᾰ́ρᾰβος (sắrăbos)

Declension

Second declension of ὁ κῆπος; τοῦ κήπου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κῆπος ho kêpos	τὼ κήπω tṑ kḗpō	οἱ κῆποι hoi kêpoi
Genitive	τοῦ κήπου toû kḗpou	τοῖν κήποιν toîn kḗpoin	τῶν κήπων tôn kḗpōn
Dative	τῷ κήπῳ tōî kḗpōi	τοῖν κήποιν toîn kḗpoin	τοῖς κήποις toîs kḗpois
Accusative	τὸν κῆπον tòn kêpon	τὼ κήπω tṑ kḗpō	τοὺς κήπους toùs kḗpous
Vocative	κῆπε kêpe	κήπω kḗpō	κῆποι kêpoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἀγρόκηπος (agrókēpos)
κηπάδιον (kēpádion)
κηπαῖος (kēpaîos)
κηπεία (kēpeía)
κήπειος (kḗpeios)
κήπευμα (kḗpeuma)
κηπεύς (kēpeús)
κηπεύσιμος (kēpeúsimos)
κηπευτής (kēpeutḗs)
κηπευτός (kēpeutós)
κηπεύω (kēpeúō)
κηπίδες (kēpídes)
κηπίδιον (kēpídion)
κηπίον (kēpíon)
κηποκόμας (kēpokómas)
κηποκόμος (kēpokómos)
κηπολάχανον (kēpolákhanon)
κηπολόγος (kēpológos)
κηποπαράδεισος (kēpoparádeisos)
κηποποιΐα (kēpopoiḯa)
κηποτάφιον (kēpotáphion)
κηποτύραννος (kēpotúrannos)
κηπουργός (kēpourgós)
περίκηπος (períkēpos)

Descendants

Greek: κήπος (kípos)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κῆπος 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 688