μαρασμός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die, disappear”) and Ancient Greek -μός (-mós, action noun suffix), related to μᾰραίνω (măraínō, “to quench; to waste, wither”).

Pronunciation

 

Noun

μᾰρᾰσμός • (mărăsmós) m (genitive μᾰρᾰσμοῦ); second declension

  1. synonym of μᾰ́ρᾰνσῐς (mắrănsĭs): withering, wasting away, especially from senescent decay
    • 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 1.42
    • 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 7.666–667:
      Μαρασμός ἐστι φθορὰ ζῶντος σώματος ἐπὶ ξηρότητι. […] οὕτω δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ μαρασμὸς ὁ μὲν παρὰ τὸ μεμαράνθαι λέγοιτ' ἂν, ὁ δὲ παρὰ τὸ μαραίνεσθαι, περὶ οὗ νῦν ὁ λόγος ἐστίν. ἐπεὶ δὲ ζῶντος σώματος ἔφαμεν εἶναι φθορὰν τὸν μαρασμὸν, ἔστι δὲ τρία γένη τῶν ζώντων, ζῶα, φυτὰ καὶ σπέρματα, καὶ διὰ ταῦτα καὶ οἱ καρποὶ, τούτων ἂν εἶναι πάθος τὸν μαρασμὸν ἑρμηνεύοντες κυρίως, ἐκ μεταφορᾶς δὲ ἤδη καὶ τὰς ἀλλὰς φθορὰς, ὅσαι γίνονται διὰ ξηρότητος, μαρασμὸν ὀνομάζουσιν.
      Marasmós esti phthorà zôntos sṓmatos epì xērótēti. […] hoútō dè kaì autòs ho marasmòs ho mèn parà tò memaránthai légoit’ àn, ho dè parà tò maraínesthai, perì hoû nûn ho lógos estín. epeì dè zôntos sṓmatos éphamen eînai phthoràn tòn marasmòn, ésti dè tría génē tôn zṓntōn, zôa, phutà kaì spérmata, kaì dià taûta kaì hoi karpoì, toútōn àn eînai páthos tòn marasmòn hermēneúontes kuríōs, ek metaphorâs dè ḗdē kaì tàs allàs phthoràs, hósai gínontai dià xērótētos, marasmòn onomázousin.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 2.166:
      τῆς ἀνθήσεως
      tês anthḗseōs
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 3.86

Declension

Second declension of ὁ μᾰρᾰσμός; τοῦ μᾰρᾰσμοῦ (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ μᾰρᾰσμός
ho mărăsmós 		τὼ μᾰρᾰσμώ
tṑ mărăsmṓ 		οἱ μᾰρᾰσμοί
hoi mărăsmoí
Genitive τοῦ μᾰρᾰσμοῦ
toû mărăsmoû 		τοῖν μᾰρᾰσμοῖν
toîn mărăsmoîn 		τῶν μᾰρᾰσμῶν
tôn mărăsmôn
Dative τῷ μᾰρᾰσμῷ
tōî mărăsmōî 		τοῖν μᾰρᾰσμοῖν
toîn mărăsmoîn 		τοῖς μᾰρᾰσμοῖς
toîs mărăsmoîs
Accusative τὸν μᾰρᾰσμόν
tòn mărăsmón 		τὼ μᾰρᾰσμώ
tṑ mărăsmṓ 		τοὺς μᾰρᾰσμούς
toùs mărăsmoús
Vocative μᾰρᾰσμέ
mărăsmé 		μᾰρᾰσμώ
mărăsmṓ 		μᾰρᾰσμοί
mărăsmoí
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

  • μᾰρᾰσμώδης (mărăsmṓdēs, adjective)

Descendants

  • → Late Latin: marasmus

References

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