πενθερός
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-er-os, from *bʰendʰ- (“to tie; bond, band”) and formally almost completely agreeing with Lithuanian beñdras (“common, shared”); compare also Sanskrit बन्धु (bandhu, “relative, kindred”). The oxytone accentuation of this word is based on the model of ἑκυρός (hekurós, “father-in-law”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pen.tʰe.rós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /pen.tʰeˈros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /pen.θeˈros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /pen.θeˈros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /pen.θeˈros/
Noun
πενθερός • (pentherós) m (genitive πενθεροῦ); second declension
- father-in-law
- Synonym: ἑκυρός (hekurós)
- (in the plural) parents-in-law
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ πενθερός ho pentherós |
τὼ πενθερώ tṑ pentherṓ |
οἱ πενθεροί hoi pentheroí | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ πενθεροῦ toû pentheroû |
τοῖν πενθεροῖν toîn pentheroîn |
τῶν πενθερῶν tôn pentherôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ πενθερῷ tōî pentherōî |
τοῖν πενθεροῖν toîn pentheroîn |
τοῖς πενθεροῖς toîs pentheroîs | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν πενθερόν tòn pentherón |
τὼ πενθερώ tṑ pentherṓ |
τοὺς πενθερούς toùs pentheroús | ||||||||||
| Vocative | πενθερέ pentheré |
πενθερώ pentherṓ |
πενθεροί pentheroí | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- πενθερά (pentherá)
- πενθερῐδεύς (pentherĭdeús)
- πενθερῐκός (pentherĭkós)
- πενθέρῐος (penthérĭos)
- πενθεροκτόνος (pentheroktónos)
- πενθεροφθόρος (pentherophthóros)
- προπένθερος (propéntheros)
Descendants
- Greek: πεθερός (petherós)
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πενθερός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1171-2
Further reading
- “πενθερός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πενθερός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “πενθερός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- πενθερός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- πενθερός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
Greek
Noun
πενθερός • (pentherós) m (plural πενθεροί, feminine πενθερά)
- alternative form of πεθερός (petherós)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | πενθερός (pentherós) | πενθεροί (pentheroí) |
| genitive | πενθερού (pentheroú) | πενθερών (pentherón) |
| accusative | πενθερό (pentheró) | πενθερούς (pentheroús) |
| vocative | πενθερέ (pentheré) | πενθεροί (pentheroí) |