πυθμήν
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Hellenic *putʰmḗn, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn.
Cognate with πύνδαξ (púndax), Sanskrit बुध्न (budhná), Latin fundus, Old Armenian անդունդ (andund), Old English botm (English bottom).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pytʰ.mɛ̌ːn/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /pytʰˈme̝n/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /pyθˈmin/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /pyθˈmin/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /piθˈmin/
By position:
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pyːtʰ.mɛ̌ːn/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /pytʰˈme̝n/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /pyθˈmin/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /pyθˈmin/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /piθˈmin/
Noun
πῠθμήν or πῡθμήν • (pŭthmḗn or pūthmḗn) m (genitive πῠθμένος); third declension
- bottom of a cup or jar
- the bottom of the sea
- trunk, butt of a tree
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ πῠθμήν ho pŭthmḗn |
τὼ πῠθμένε tṑ pŭthméne |
οἱ πῠθμένες hoi pŭthménes | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ πῠθμένος toû pŭthménos |
τοῖν πῠθμένοιν toîn pŭthménoin |
τῶν πῠθμένων tôn pŭthménōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ πῠθμένῐ tōî pŭthménĭ |
τοῖν πῠθμένοιν toîn pŭthménoin |
τοῖς πῠθμέσῐ / πῠθμέσῐν toîs pŭthmésĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν πῠθμένᾰ tòn pŭthménă |
τὼ πῠθμένε tṑ pŭthméne |
τοὺς πῠθμένᾰς toùs pŭthménăs | ||||||||||
| Vocative | πῠθμήν pŭthmḗn |
πῠθμένε pŭthméne |
πῠθμένες pŭthménes | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Descendants
- Greek: πυθμένας (pythménas)
References
- “πυθμήν”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πυθμήν”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “πυθμήν”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- πυθμήν in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- πυθμήν in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “πυθμήν”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.