τέρσομαι
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”). Cognates include Latin terra, Sanskrit तृष्यति (tṛṣyati), Old Armenian թառամիմ (tʻaṙamim, “I wither”) and Old English þurst (English thirst).
Verb
τέρσομαι • (térsomai) (deponent)
- to be or become dry, dry up
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.151-153:
- τὸν δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπʼ ἀκτῆς εὗρε καθήμενον· οὐδέ ποτʼ ὄσσε δακρυόφιν τέρσοντο, κατείβετο δὲ γλυκὺς αἰὼν νόστον ὀδυρομένῳ, ἐπεὶ οὐκέτι ἥνδανε νύμφη.
- tòn d ár ep aktês heûre kathḗmenon; oudé pot ósse dakruóphin térsonto, kateíbeto dè glukùs aiṑn nóston oduroménōi, epeì oukéti hḗndane númphē.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- τὸν δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπʼ ἀκτῆς εὗρε καθήμενον· οὐδέ ποτʼ ὄσσε δακρυόφιν τέρσοντο, κατείβετο δὲ γλυκὺς αἰὼν νόστον ὀδυρομένῳ, ἐπεὶ οὐκέτι ἥνδανε νύμφη.
Usage notes
Only the Epic Aorist infinitives τερσῆναι (tersênai) and τερσήμεναι (tersḗmenai) are attested for the Epic aorist, from which the remaining forms can be reconstructed.
Conjugation
Present: τέρσομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | τέρσομαι | τέρσῃ / τέρσει | τέρσεται | τέρσεσθον | τέρσεσθον | τερσόμεθᾰ | τέρσεσθε | τέρσονται | ||||
| subjunctive | τέρσωμαι | τέρσῃ | τέρσηται | τέρσησθον | τέρσησθον | τερσώμεθᾰ | τέρσησθε | τέρσωνται | |||||
| optative | τερσοίμην | τέρσοιο | τέρσοιτο | τέρσοισθον | τερσοίσθην | τερσοίμεθᾰ | τέρσοισθε | τέρσοιντο | |||||
| imperative | τέρσου | τερσέσθω | τέρσεσθον | τερσέσθων | τέρσεσθε | τερσέσθων | |||||||
| middle/passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | τέρσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | τερσόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | τερσομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | τερσόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἑτερσόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἑτερσόμην | ἑτέρσου | ἑτέρσετο | ἑτέρσεσθον | ἑτερσέσθην | ἑτερσόμεθᾰ | ἑτέρσεσθε | ἑτέρσοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: τερσόμην (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | τερσόμην | τέρσου | τέρσετο | τέρσεσθον | τερσέσθην | τερσόμεθᾰ | τέρσεσθε | τέρσοντο | ||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἐτέρσην (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| passive | indicative | ἐτέρσην | ἐτέρσης | ἐτέρση | ἐτέρσητον | ἐτερσήτην | ἐτέρσημεν | ἐτέρσητε | ἐτέρσησᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | τερσῶ | τερσῇς | τερσῇ | τερσῆτον | τερσῆτον | τερσῶμεν | τερσῆτε | τερσῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | τερσείην | τερσείης | τερσείη | τερσεῖτον / τερσείητον | τερσείτην / τερσειήτην | τερσεῖμεν / τερσείημεν | τερσεῖτε / τερσείητε | τερσεῖεν / τερσείησᾰν | |||||
| imperative | τέρσηθῐ | τερσήτω | τέρσητον | τερσήτων | τέρσητε | τερσέντων | |||||||
| passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | τερσῆναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | τερσείς | |||||||||||
| f | τερσεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | τερσέν | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
References
- “τέρσομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “τέρσομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “τέρσομαι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- τέρσομαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- τέρσομαι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- τέρσομαι, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011