τέσσαρες
Ancient Greek
| 40 | ||
| ← 3 | δ’ 4 |
5 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: τέσσᾰρες (téssăres) Ordinal: τέτᾰρτος (tétărtos) Adverbial: τετρᾰ́κῐς (tetrắkĭs) Collective: τετρᾰ́ς (tetrắs) | ||
Alternative forms
- τέττᾰρες (téttăres) — Attic
- τέσσερες (tésseres) — Ionic, later Greek
- τέτορες (tétores) — Doric
- πῐ́σῠρες (pĭ́sŭres) — Epic, Aeolic
- πέσῠρες (pésŭres), πέσσῠρες (péssŭres) — Aeolic
- πέττᾰρες (péttăres) — Boeotian
Etymology
From Proto-Hellenic *kʷétwores, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres. Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀤𐀵𐀫 (qe-to-ro), Sanskrit चतुर् (catur), Old Armenian չորք (čʻorkʻ), Latin quattuor, and Old English fēower (English four).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tés.sa.res/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈtes.sa.res/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈtes.sa.res/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈtes.sa.res/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈte.sa.res/
Numeral
τέσσᾰρες • (téssăres) (ordinal τέτᾰρτος, adverbial τετρᾰ́κῐς)
Declension
| Number | Plural | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||||||
| Nominative | τέσσᾰρες téssăres |
τέσσᾰρᾰ téssără | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | τεσσᾰ́ρων tessắrōn |
τεσσᾰ́ρων tessắrōn | ||||||||||||
| Dative | τέσσᾰρσῐ / τέσσᾰρσῐν téssărsĭ(n) |
τέσσᾰρσῐ / τέσσᾰρσῐν téssărsĭ(n) | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | τέσσᾰρᾰς téssărăs |
τέσσᾰρᾰ téssără | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Derived terms
- τετρα- (tetra-)
- τεσσᾰρεσκαίδεκᾰ (tessăreskaídekă)
- τεσσαράκοντα (tessarákonta)
Descendants
References
- “τέσσᾰρες”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “τέσσαρες”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “τέσσαρες”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- τέσσαρες in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- τέσσαρες in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “τέσσαρες”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G5064 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- four idem, page 341.