τσιγγάνος

See also: Τσιγγάνος

Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

Via Byzantine Greek Ἀτσίγγανος (Atsínganos)[1][2][3] and Ἀθίγγανος (Athínganos) from Ancient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos, “who doesn't want to be touched; untouchable”),[4] ultimately a compound of privative ἀ- (a-) + θιγγάνω (thingánō, “to touch”).[5][6][7] The Middle Greek word had initially been the name of a Christian sect,[8] the Melchizedekian sect, which was subsequently associated to Romani people.[9]

Nişanyan suggests,[10] due to the very recent first attestation of the term in Greek (1378 AD), a Turkish lemma çıgañ /t͡ʃɯˈɣaɲ/ ("destitute, lazy") as its origin, which, in turn, explains the replacement of the accent. This modern accent could also be influenced by the feminine form Ἀτσιγγάνα (Atsingána).[11]

Petrounias,[12] however, explains αθίγγανος (athínganos)[13] as a paretymological variant of ἀτσίγγανος (atsínganos), influenced by the name of the Christian sect.

Also see Italian zingano, German Zigeuner, Turkish çingene.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /t͡siŋˈɡa.nos/
  • Hyphenation: τσιγ‧γά‧νος

Noun

τσιγγάνος • (tsingános) m (plural τσιγγάνοι, feminine τσιγγάνα)

  1. Gypsy, Gipsy

Declension

Declension of τσιγγάνος
singular plural
nominative τσιγγάνος (tsingános) τσιγγάνοι (tsingánoi)
genitive τσιγγάνου (tsingánou) τσιγγάνων (tsingánon)
accusative τσιγγάνο (tsingáno) τσιγγάνους (tsingánous)
vocative τσιγγάνε (tsingáne) τσιγγάνοι (tsingánoi)

References

  1. ^ τσιγγάνος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
  2. ^ ατσίγγανος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
  3. ^ Ατσίγγανος - Kriaras, Emmanuel (1969-) Επιτομή του Λεξικού της Μεσαιωνικής Ελληνικής Δημώδους Γραμματείας (Epitomí tou Lexikoú tis Mesaionikís Ellinikís Dimódous Grammateías) [Concise Dictionary of the Kriaras' Dictionary of Medieval Vulgar Greek Literature (1100–1669) Vols. 1–14. Vols 15- under I. Kazazes.)] (in Greek), Thessaloniki: Centre for the Greek language Online edition (abbreviations) Printed edition 2022: 22 vols.)
  4. ^ “ἀθίγγανος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  5. ^ 1993, Struggling for Ethnic Identity: The Gypsies of Hungary (published by Human Rights Watch), page 1
  6. ^ 2004, Viorel Achim, The Roma in Romanian History (Bucharest), page 9
  7. ^ 2007, Jean-Pierre Liégeois, Roma In Europe, page 17
  8. ^ 2010, Gabriela Brozba, Between reality and myth: A corpus-based analysis of the stereotypic image of some Romanian ethnic minorities, page 42
  9. ^ τσιγγάνος - Babiniotis, Georgios (2010) Ετυμολογικό λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας Etymologikó lexikó tis néas ellinikís glóssas [Etymological Dictionary of Modern Greek language] (in Greek), Athens: Lexicology Centre
  10. ^ https://www.nisanyansozluk.com/kelime/çingene
  11. ^ Ατσιγγάνα - Kriaras, Emmanuel (1969-) Επιτομή του Λεξικού της Μεσαιωνικής Ελληνικής Δημώδους Γραμματείας (Epitomí tou Lexikoú tis Mesaionikís Ellinikís Dimódous Grammateías) [Concise Dictionary of the Kriaras' Dictionary of Medieval Vulgar Greek Literature (1100–1669) Vols. 1–14. Vols 15- under I. Kazazes.)] (in Greek), Thessaloniki: Centre for the Greek language Online edition (abbreviations) Printed edition 2022: 22 vols.)
  12. ^ ατσίγγανος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
  13. ^ αθίγγανος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
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