φύσας

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰy̌ː.saːs/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰy.sas/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸy.sas/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈfy.sas/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfi.sas/

Etymology 1

Participle

φῡ́σᾱς • (phū́sās) m (feminine φῡ́σᾱσᾰ, neuter φῦσᾰν); first/third declension

first aorist active masculine participle of φῠ́ω (phŭ́ō): "(he) has brought forth/produced/generated/begot, (he) has created/made, (he) has caused to be/exist"
- c. 362 BCE, Xenophon, Oeconomicus:
  τῇ δὲ γυναικὶ ἧττον τὸ σῶμα δυνατὸν πρὸς ταῦτα φύσας τὰ ἔνδον ἔργα αὐτῇ (ἐπέταξεν)
  tēî dè gunaikì hêtton tò sôma dunatòn pròs taûta phúsas tà éndon érga autēî (epétaxen)
  To the woman, since he has made her body less capable of such endurance, I take it that the god has assigned the indoor tasks.

Declension

First and third declension of φῡ́σᾱς; φῡ́σᾱσᾰ; φῦσᾰν (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	φῡ́σᾱς phū́sās	φῡ́σᾱσᾰ phū́sāsă	φῦσᾰν phûsăn	φῡ́σᾰντε phū́sănte	φῡσᾱ́σᾱ phūsā́sā	φῡ́σᾰντε phū́sănte	φῡ́σᾰντες phū́săntes	φῡ́σᾱσαι phū́sāsai	φῡ́σᾰντᾰ phū́săntă
Genitive	φῡ́σᾰντος phū́săntos	φῡσᾱ́σης phūsā́sēs	φῡ́σᾰντος phū́săntos	φῡσᾰ́ντοιν phūsắntoin	φῡσᾱ́σαιν phūsā́sain	φῡσᾰ́ντοιν phūsắntoin	φῡσᾰ́ντων phūsắntōn	φῡσᾱσῶν phūsāsôn	φῡσᾰ́ντων phūsắntōn
Dative	φῡ́σᾰντῐ phū́săntĭ	φῡσᾱ́σῃ phūsā́sēi	φῡ́σᾰντῐ phū́săntĭ	φῡσᾰ́ντοιν phūsắntoin	φῡσᾱ́σαιν phūsā́sain	φῡσᾰ́ντοιν phūsắntoin	φῡ́σᾱσῐ / φῡ́σᾱσῐν phū́sāsĭ(n)	φῡσᾱ́σαις phūsā́sais	φῡ́σᾱσῐ / φῡ́σᾱσῐν phū́sāsĭ(n)
Accusative	φῡ́σᾰντᾰ phū́săntă	φῡ́σᾱσᾰν phū́sāsăn	φῦσᾰν phûsăn	φῡ́σᾰντε phū́sănte	φῡσᾱ́σᾱ phūsā́sā	φῡ́σᾰντε phū́sănte	φῡ́σᾰντᾰς phū́săntăs	φῡσᾱ́σᾱς phūsā́sās	φῡ́σᾰντᾰ phū́săntă
Vocative	φῡ́σᾱς phū́sās	φῡ́σᾱσᾰ phū́sāsă	φῦσᾰν phûsăn	φῡ́σᾰντε phū́sănte	φῡσᾱ́σᾱ phūsā́sā	φῡ́σᾰντε phū́sănte	φῡ́σᾰντες phū́săntes	φῡ́σᾱσαι phū́sāsai	φῡ́σᾰντᾰ phū́săntă
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	φῡσᾰ́ντως phūsắntōs			—			—
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Participle

φῡ́σᾱς • (phū́sās)

feminine accusative plural of φῡ́ς (phū́s)

Etymology 2

Substantivization/nominalization of the participle φῡ́σᾱς (phū́sās).

Noun

φῡ́σᾱς • (phū́sās) m (genitive φῡ́σαντος); third declension

(literally) "he who has brought forth/produced/generated/begot, he who has created/made, he who has caused to be/exist"
(metonymically, generally with the definite article present): father, forefather/(male) ancestor (cf. φῡ́ς (phū́s))
- late 5th century BCE, Euripides, Aegeus, fragmentary drama about Aegeus, a legendary king of Athens , fragment as quoted by Clement of Alexandria:
  ποίαν σε φῶμεν γαῖαν ἐκλελοιπότα / πόλει ξενοῦσθαι τῇδε; τίς πάτρας ὅρος; / τίς ἐσθ’ ὁ φύσας; τοῦ κεκήρυξαι πατρός;
  poían se phômen gaîan ekleloipóta / pólei xenoûsthai tēîde? tís pátras hóros? / tís esth’ ho phúsas? toû kekḗruxai patrós?
  Which country shall we say you have left to visit this city? / What is your native land’s border? / Who is your father, of whom are you proclaimed to be the son?

Declension

Third declension of ὁ φῡ́σᾱς; τοῦ φῡ́σᾱντος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ φῡ́σᾱς ho phū́sās	τὼ φῡ́σᾱντε tṑ phū́sānte	οἱ φῡ́σᾱντες hoi phū́sāntes
Genitive	τοῦ φῡ́σᾱντος toû phū́sāntos	τοῖν φῡσᾱ́ντοιν toîn phūsā́ntoin	τῶν φῡσᾱ́ντων tôn phūsā́ntōn
Dative	τῷ φῡ́σᾱντῐ tōî phū́sāntĭ	τοῖν φῡσᾱ́ντοιν toîn phūsā́ntoin	τοῖς φῡ́σᾱσῐ / φῡ́σᾱσῐν toîs phū́sāsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν φῡ́σᾱντᾰ tòn phū́sāntă	τὼ φῡ́σᾱντε tṑ phū́sānte	τοὺς φῡ́σᾱντᾰς toùs phū́sāntăs
Vocative	φῡ́σᾱν phū́sān	φῡ́σᾱντε phū́sānte	φῡ́σᾱντες phū́sāntes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

γεννήτωρ (gennḗtōr) προπάτωρ (propátōr)

Related terms

φῡ́ς (phū́s, “son/child/descendant”)
φῡ́σαντες (phū́santes, “fathers/forefathers/parents”)

References

“φύσας”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers