χρώς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Related to χρῶμα (khrôma), of uncertain origin.

According to Beekes, probably cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀒𐀫𐀸𐀁 (a-ko-ro-we-e) (representing either /akʰroweʰe/ [dual noun] “without spots”, or /ha-kʰroweʰe/ “of one color”).[1] Chantraine suggests that the Mycenaean form points to a root *k(ʰ)row- “throw”.[2] The traditional connection to χρίω (khríō, “to smear”) is doubted by Beekes.

Pronunciation

 

Noun

χρώς • (khrṓs) m (genitive χρωτός or χροός); third declension

  1. skin, flesh
  2. complexion
  3. color

Declension

Third declension of ὁ χρώς; τοῦ χρωτός (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ χρώς
ho khrṓs 		τὼ χρῶτε
tṑ khrôte 		οἱ χρῶτες
hoi khrôtes
Genitive τοῦ χρωτός
toû khrōtós 		τοῖν χρωτοῖν
toîn khrōtoîn 		τῶν χρωτῶν
tôn khrōtôn
Dative τῷ χρωτῐ́
tōî khrōtĭ́ 		τοῖν χρωτοῖν
toîn khrōtoîn 		τοῖς χρωσῐ́ / χρωσῐ́ν
toîs khrōsĭ́(n)
Accusative τὸν χρῶτᾰ
tòn khrôtă 		τὼ χρῶτε
tṑ khrôte 		τοὺς χρῶτᾰς
toùs khrôtăs
Vocative χρώς
khrṓs 		χρῶτε
khrôte 		χρῶτες
khrôtes
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ts.
Third declension of χρώς; χροός (Epic)
Case / # Singular
Nominative χρώς
khrṓs
Genitive χροός
khroós
Dative χροΐ / χρῷ
khroḯ / khrōî
Accusative χρόᾰ
khróă
Vocative χρώς
khrṓs
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.
  • Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ts.
  • χρώζω, χρῴζω (khrṓzō, khrōízō)
  • χρῶμα (khrôma)

Descendants

  • English: schizochroal, abathochroal, holochroal

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “χρόα (> VAR > χρώς)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1650-1
  2. ^ Chantraine, Pierre (1968–1980) “χρώς”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque (in French), Paris: Klincksieck

Further reading

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