ψίθυρος
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- ψεδυρός (psedurós), ψίθυρ (psíthur)
Etymology
If it dissimilated from *ψυθυρ-, it may belong to ψύθος (psúthos, “lie, untruth”). On the other hand, it can be compared to ψίζομαι (psízomai, “to weep”). Pisani considered a relationship with Sanskrit क्ष्वेडति (kṣveḍati, “to hum, murmur”). Given the variants, the word is probably Pre-Greek.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /psí.tʰy.ros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpsi.tʰy.ros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈpsi.θy.ros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpsi.θy.ros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpsi.θi.ros/
Adjective
ψῐ́θῠρος • (psĭ́thŭros) m or f (neuter ψῐ́θῠρον); second declension
Inflection
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
| Nominative | ψῐ́θῠρος psĭ́thŭros |
ψῐ́θῠρον psĭ́thŭron |
ψῐθῠ́ρω psĭthŭ́rō |
ψῐθῠ́ρω psĭthŭ́rō |
ψῐ́θῠροι psĭ́thŭroi |
ψῐ́θῠρᾰ psĭ́thŭră | ||||||||
| Genitive | ψῐθῠ́ρου psĭthŭ́rou |
ψῐθῠ́ρου psĭthŭ́rou |
ψῐθῠ́ροιν psĭthŭ́roin |
ψῐθῠ́ροιν psĭthŭ́roin |
ψῐθῠ́ρων psĭthŭ́rōn |
ψῐθῠ́ρων psĭthŭ́rōn | ||||||||
| Dative | ψῐθῠ́ρῳ psĭthŭ́rōi |
ψῐθῠ́ρῳ psĭthŭ́rōi |
ψῐθῠ́ροιν psĭthŭ́roin |
ψῐθῠ́ροιν psĭthŭ́roin |
ψῐθῠ́ροις psĭthŭ́rois |
ψῐθῠ́ροις psĭthŭ́rois | ||||||||
| Accusative | ψῐ́θῠρον psĭ́thŭron |
ψῐ́θῠρον psĭ́thŭron |
ψῐθῠ́ρω psĭthŭ́rō |
ψῐθῠ́ρω psĭthŭ́rō |
ψῐθῠ́ρους psĭthŭ́rous |
ψῐ́θῠρᾰ psĭ́thŭră | ||||||||
| Vocative | ψῐ́θῠρε psĭ́thŭre |
ψῐ́θῠρον psĭ́thŭron |
ψῐθῠ́ρω psĭthŭ́rō |
ψῐθῠ́ρω psĭthŭ́rō |
ψῐ́θῠροι psĭ́thŭroi |
ψῐ́θῠρᾰ psĭ́thŭră | ||||||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| ψῐθῠ́ρως psĭthŭ́rōs |
— | — | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ψίθυρα (psíthura)
- ψιθυρίζω (psithurízō)
- ψιθυρίς (psithurís)
- ψιθύρισμα (psithúrisma)
- ψιθυρισμός (psithurismós)
- ψιθυριστής (psithuristḗs)
- ψιθυριστικός (psithuristikós)
Descendants
Further reading
- “ψίθυρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ψίθυρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ψίθυρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Greek
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpsi.θi.ɾos/
- Hyphenation: ψί‧θυ‧ρος
Noun
ψίθυρος • (psíthyros) m (plural ψίθυροι)
- (onomatopoeia) whisper (speaking quietly)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ψίθυρος (psíthyros) | ψίθυροι (psíthyroi) |
| genitive | ψίθυρου (psíthyrou) ψιθύρου (psithýrou) |
ψίθυρων (psíthyron) ψιθύρων (psithýron) |
| accusative | ψίθυρο (psíthyro) | ψίθυρους (psíthyrous) ψιθύρους (psithýrous) |
| vocative | ψίθυρε (psíthyre) | ψίθυροι (psíthyroi) |
Second forms are formal.
Related terms
- σιγοψιθυρίζω (sigopsithyrízo)
- ψιθυρίζεται (psithyrízetai, “it is rumoured”, impersonal)
- ψιθυρίζω (psithyrízo, “whisper”)
- ψιθύρισμα n (psithýrisma)
- ψιθυρισμός m (psithyrismós)
- ψιθυριστά (psithyristá, “in a whisper”, adverb)
- ψιθυριστής m (psithyristís)
- ψιθυριστός (psithyristós, “whispered, hushed”, adjective)