ϫⲱ

Coptic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (reconstructed Classical Coptic) /t͡ʃʼoːʔ/

Etymology 1

From Egyptian

(ḏd, “to say, speak, talk”).

Alternative forms

ϫⲟⲩ (čou) — Akhmimic, Lycopolitan
ϫⲟⲟⲩⲉ (čooue) — Lycopolitan

Verb

ϫⲱ • (čō) (nominal state ϫⲉ-, pronominal state (S, L) ϫⲟⲟ⸗, imperative ⲁϫⲓ⸗, (A, L) ⲉϫⲓ⸗, (B) ⲁϫⲟ⸗ or ⲁϫⲟⲧ⸗, conjunct participle (S, L) ϫⲁⲧ-)

(Bohairic, Sahidic, Fayyumic, Lycopolitan, Old Coptic, intransitive) to say, speak, tell
(Bohairic, Sahidic, Fayyumic, Lycopolitan, transitive) to sing

Conjugation

Conjugation of ϫⲱ (Bohairic dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ϫⲱ čō	imperative	affirmative	ϫⲱ čō
infinitive	negative	ϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲱ štemčō	imperative	negative	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣϫⲱ m̀perčō

		singular					plural			nominal
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ	-
present	basic	ϯϫⲱ tičō	ⲕϫⲱ kčō	ⲧⲉϫⲱ tečō	ϥϫⲱ fčō	ⲥϫⲱ sčō	ⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ tenčō	ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ tetenčō	ⲥⲉϫⲱ sečō	ϫⲱ čō
	circumstantial	ⲉⲓϫⲱ eičō	ⲉⲕϫⲱ ekčō	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ erečō	ⲉϥϫⲱ efčō	ⲉⲥϫⲱ esčō	ⲉⲛϫⲱ enčō	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ eretenčō	ⲉⲩϫⲱ eučō	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ ere- čō
	relative	ⲉϯϫⲱ etičō	ⲉⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ etekčō	ⲉⲧⲉϫⲱ etečō	ⲉⲧⲉϥϫⲱ etefčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ etesčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etenčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etetenčō	ⲉⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ etoučō	ⲉⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ ete- čō
	preterite	ⲛⲁⲓϫⲱ naičō	ⲛⲁⲕϫⲱ nakčō	ⲛⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ narečō	ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ nafčō	ⲛⲁⲥϫⲱ nasčō	ⲛⲁⲛϫⲱ nančō	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ naretenčō	ⲛⲁⲩϫⲱ naučō	ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ nare- čō
	focalising	ⲁⲓϫⲱ aičō	ⲁⲕϫⲱ akčō	ⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ arečō	ⲁϥϫⲱ afčō	ⲁⲥϫⲱ asčō	ⲁⲛϫⲱ ančō	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ aretenčō	ⲁⲩϫⲱ aučō	ⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ are- čō
future	basic	ϯⲛⲁϫⲱ tinačō	ⲭⲛⲁϫⲱ khnačō	ⲧⲉⲣⲁϫⲱ teračō	ϥⲛⲁϫⲱ fnačō	ⲥⲛⲁϫⲱ snačō	ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ tennačō	ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ tetennačō	ⲥⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ senačō	ⲛⲁϫⲱ načō
	circumstantial	ⲉⲓⲛⲁϫⲱ einačō	ⲉⲭⲛⲁϫⲱ ekhnačō	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ erenačō	ⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲱ efnačō	ⲉⲥⲛⲁϫⲱ esnačō	ⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ ennačō	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ eretennačō	ⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲱ eunačō	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲱ ere- načō
	relative	ⲉϯⲛⲁϫⲱ etinačō	ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁϫⲱ etekhnačō	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ etenačō	ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲱ etefnačō	ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁϫⲱ etesnačō	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ etennačō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ etetennačō	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϫⲱ etounačō	ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲱ ete- načō
	preterite	ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁϫⲱ nainačō	ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁϫⲱ nakhnačō	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ narenačō	ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁϫⲱ nafnačō	ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁϫⲱ nasnačō	ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ nannačō	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ naretennačō	ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁϫⲱ naunačō	ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲱ nare- načō
	focalising	ⲁⲓⲛⲁϫⲱ ainačō	ⲁⲭⲛⲁϫⲱ akhnačō	ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ arenačō	ⲁϥⲛⲁϫⲱ afnačō	ⲁⲥⲛⲁϫⲱ asnačō	ⲁⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ annačō	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ aretennačō	ⲁⲩⲛⲁϫⲱ aunačō	ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲱ are- načō
negated with		(ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an
non-durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ	-
past	basic affirmative	ⲁⲓϫⲱ aičō	ⲁⲕϫⲱ akčō	ⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ arečō	ⲁϥϫⲱ afčō	ⲁⲥϫⲱ asčō	ⲁⲛϫⲱ ančō	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ atetenčō	ⲁⲩϫⲱ aučō	ⲁ- ϫⲱ a- čō
	basic negative	ⲙ̀ⲡⲓϫⲱ m̀pičō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ m̀pekčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϫⲱ m̀pečō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϫⲱ m̀pefčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϫⲱ m̀pesčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϫⲱ m̀penčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ m̀petenčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ m̀poučō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ m̀pe- čō
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓϫⲱ eaičō	ⲉⲁⲕϫⲱ eakčō	ⲉⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ earečō	ⲉⲁϥϫⲱ eafčō	ⲉⲁⲥϫⲱ easčō	ⲉⲁⲛϫⲱ eančō	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ eatetenčō	ⲉⲁⲩϫⲱ eaučō	ⲉⲁ- ϫⲱ ea- čō
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓϫⲱ em̀pičō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ em̀pekčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϫⲱ em̀pečō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϫⲱ em̀pefčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϫⲱ em̀pesčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϫⲱ em̀penčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ em̀petenčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ em̀poučō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ em̀pe- čō
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲧⲁⲓϫⲱ etaičō	ⲉⲧⲁⲕϫⲱ etakčō	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ etarečō	ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲱ etafčō	ⲉⲧⲁⲥϫⲱ etasčō	ⲉⲧⲁⲛϫⲱ etančō	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etaretenčō	ⲉⲧⲁⲩϫⲱ etaučō	ⲉⲧⲁ- ϫⲱ eta- čō
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓϫⲱ etm̀pičō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ etm̀pekčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϫⲱ etm̀pečō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϫⲱ etm̀pefčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϫⲱ etm̀pesčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϫⲱ etm̀penčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etm̀petenčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ etm̀poučō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ etm̀pe- čō
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲉⲁⲓϫⲱ neaičō	ⲛⲉⲁⲕϫⲱ neakčō	ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ nearečō	ⲛⲉⲁϥϫⲱ neafčō	ⲛⲉⲁⲥϫⲱ neasčō	ⲛⲉⲁⲛϫⲱ neančō	ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ neatetenčō	ⲛⲉⲁⲩϫⲱ neaučō	ⲛⲉⲁ- ϫⲱ nea- čō
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓϫⲱ nem̀pičō	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ nem̀pekčō	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϫⲱ nem̀pečō	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϫⲱ nem̀pefčō	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϫⲱ nem̀pesčō	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϫⲱ nem̀penčō	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nem̀petenčō	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ nem̀poučō	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ nem̀pe- čō
	focalising, precursive affirmative	ⲉⲧⲁⲓϫⲱ etaičō	ⲉⲧⲁⲕϫⲱ etakčō	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ etarečō	ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲱ etafčō	ⲉⲧⲁⲥϫⲱ etasčō	ⲉⲧⲁⲛϫⲱ etančō	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etaretenčō	ⲉⲧⲁⲩϫⲱ etaučō	ⲉⲧⲁ- ϫⲱ eta- čō
expectative	basic negative	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϫⲱ m̀patičō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ m̀patekčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ m̀patečō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲱ m̀patefčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ m̀patesčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ m̀patenčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ m̀patetenčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ m̀patoučō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ m̀pate- čō
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϫⲱ em̀patičō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ em̀patekčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ em̀patečō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲱ em̀patefčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ em̀patesčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ em̀patenčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ em̀patetenčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ em̀patoučō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ em̀pate- čō
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϫⲱ etm̀patičō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ etm̀patekčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ etm̀patečō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲱ etm̀patefčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ etm̀patesčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etm̀patenčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etm̀patetenčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ etm̀patoučō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ etm̀pate- čō
	preterite negative	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϫⲱ nam̀patičō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ nam̀patekčō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ nam̀patečō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲱ nam̀patefčō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ nam̀patesčō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nam̀patenčō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nam̀patetenčō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ nam̀patoučō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ nam̀pate- čō
aorist	basic affirmative	ϣⲁⲓϫⲱ šaičō	ϣⲁⲕϫⲱ šakčō	ϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ šarečō	ϣⲁϥϫⲱ šafčō	ϣⲁⲥϫⲱ šasčō	ϣⲁⲛϫⲱ šančō	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ šatetenčō	ϣⲁⲩϫⲱ šaučō	ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ šare- čō
	basic negative	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϫⲱ m̀paičō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϫⲱ m̀pakčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ m̀parečō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϫⲱ m̀pafčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϫⲱ m̀pasčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϫⲱ m̀pančō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ m̀paretenčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϫⲱ m̀paučō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ m̀pare- čō
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉϣⲁⲓϫⲱ ešaičō	ⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲱ ešakčō	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ ešarečō	ⲉϣⲁϥϫⲱ ešafčō	ⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲱ ešasčō	ⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ ešančō	ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ ešatetenčō	ⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲱ ešaučō	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ ešare- čō
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϫⲱ em̀paičō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϫⲱ em̀pakčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ em̀parečō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϫⲱ em̀pafčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϫⲱ em̀pasčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϫⲱ em̀pančō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ em̀paretenčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϫⲱ em̀paučō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ em̀pare- čō
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓϫⲱ etšaičō	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲕϫⲱ etšakčō	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ etšarečō	ⲉⲧϣⲁϥϫⲱ etšafčō	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥϫⲱ etšasčō	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛϫⲱ etšančō	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etšatetenčō	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩϫⲱ etšaučō	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ etšare- čō
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϫⲱ etm̀paičō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϫⲱ etm̀pakčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ etm̀parečō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϫⲱ etm̀pafčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϫⲱ etm̀pasčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϫⲱ etm̀pančō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etm̀paretenčō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϫⲱ etm̀paučō	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ etm̀pare- čō
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓϫⲱ našaičō	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲕϫⲱ našakčō	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ našarečō	ⲛⲁϣⲁϥϫⲱ našafčō	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥϫⲱ našasčō	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛϫⲱ našančō	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ našatetenčō	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩϫⲱ našaučō	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ našare- čō
	preterite negative	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϫⲱ nam̀paičō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϫⲱ nam̀pakčō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ nam̀parečō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϫⲱ nam̀pafčō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϫⲱ nam̀pasčō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϫⲱ nam̀pančō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nam̀paretenčō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϫⲱ nam̀paučō	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ nam̀pare- čō
	focalising affirmative	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϫⲱ em̀paičō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϫⲱ em̀pakčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ em̀parečō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϫⲱ em̀pafčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϫⲱ em̀pasčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϫⲱ em̀pančō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ em̀paretenčō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϫⲱ em̀paučō	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ em̀pare- čō
optative	basic affirmative	ⲉⲓⲉϫⲱ eiečō	ⲉⲕⲉϫⲱ ekečō	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ erečō	ⲉϥⲉϫⲱ efečō	ⲉⲥⲉϫⲱ esečō	ⲉⲛⲉϫⲱ enečō	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϫⲱ eretenečō	ⲉⲩⲉϫⲱ euečō	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ ere- čō
optative	basic affirmative	ⲛ̀ⲛⲁϫⲱ ǹnačō	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕϫⲱ ǹnekčō	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϫⲱ ǹnečō	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥϫⲱ ǹnefčō	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥϫⲱ ǹnesčō	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛϫⲱ ǹnenčō	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ ǹnetenčō	ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩϫⲱ ǹnoučō	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ϫⲱ ǹne- čō
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙⲁⲣⲓϫⲱ maričō	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲱ marefčō	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲱ maresčō	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛϫⲱ marenčō	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲱ maroučō	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ mare- čō
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓϫⲱ m̀penthričō	(use imperative)		ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥϫⲱ m̀penthrefčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥϫⲱ m̀penthresčō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛϫⲱ m̀penthrenčō	(use imperative)	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩϫⲱ m̀penthreučō	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ m̀penthre- čō
subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ	-
conjunctive		ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϫⲱ ǹtačō	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ ǹtekčō	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϫⲱ ǹtečō	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥϫⲱ ǹtefčō	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ ǹtesčō	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ ǹtenčō	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ ǹtetenčō	ⲛ̀ⲥⲉϫⲱ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ ǹsečō, ǹtoučō	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ ǹte- čō
future conjunctive		ⲧⲁⲣⲓϫⲱ taričō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϫⲱ tarekčō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ tarečō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲱ tarefčō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲱ taresčō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛϫⲱ tarenčō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ taretenčō	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲱ taroučō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ tare- čō
limitative		ϣⲁϯϫⲱ šatičō	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ šatekčō	ϣⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ šatečō	ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲱ šatefčō	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ šatesčō	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ šatenčō	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ šatetenčō	ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ šatoučō	ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ šate- čō
conditional	long	ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛϫⲱ aišančō	ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛϫⲱ akšančō	ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ arešančō	ⲁϥϣⲁⲛϫⲱ afšančō	ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛϫⲱ asšančō	ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛϫⲱ anšančō	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϫⲱ aretenšančō	ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϫⲱ aušančō	ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ϫⲱ arešan- čō
conditional	short	ⲁⲓϫⲱ aičō	ⲁⲕϫⲱ akčō	ⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ arečō	ⲁϥϫⲱ afčō	ⲁⲥϫⲱ asčō	ⲁⲛϫⲱ ančō	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ aretenčō	ⲁⲩϫⲱ aučō	ⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ are- čō
negated with		ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem-

Conjugation of ϫⲱ (Fayyumic dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ϫⲱ čō	imperative	affirmative	ϫⲱ čō
infinitive	negative	ϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲱ štemčō	imperative	negative	ⲙⲡⲉⲗϫⲱ, ⲡⲉⲗϫⲱ mpelčō, pelčō

		singular					plural			nominal
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛⲧⲁ	ⲛⲧⲁϥ	ⲛⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛⲧⲁⲩ	-
present	basic	ϯϫⲱ tičō	ⲕϫⲱ kčō	ⲧⲉϫⲱ tečō	ϥϫⲱ fčō	ⲥϫⲱ sčō	ⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ tenčō	ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ tetenčō	ⲥⲉϫⲱ sečō	ϫⲱ čō
	circumstantial	ⲉⲓϫⲱ eičō	ⲉⲕϫⲱ ekčō	ⲉⲗⲉϫⲱ elečō	ⲉϥϫⲱ efčō	ⲉⲥϫⲱ esčō	ⲉⲛϫⲱ enčō	ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ eletenčō	ⲉⲩϫⲱ eučō	ⲉⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ ele- čō
	relative	ⲉϯϫⲱ etičō	ⲉⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ etekčō	ⲉⲧⲉϫⲱ etečō	ⲉⲧⲉϥϫⲱ etefčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ etesčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etenčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etetenčō	ⲉⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ etoučō	ⲉⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ ete- čō, etele- čō
	preterite	ⲛⲁⲓϫⲱ naičō	ⲛⲁⲕϫⲱ nakčō	ⲛⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ nalečō	ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ nafčō	ⲛⲁⲥϫⲱ nasčō	ⲛⲁⲛϫⲱ nančō	ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ naletenčō	ⲛⲁⲩϫⲱ naučō	ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ nale- čō
	focalising	ⲁⲓϫⲱ aičō	ⲁⲕϫⲱ akčō	ⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ alečō	ⲁϥϫⲱ afčō	ⲁⲥϫⲱ asčō	ⲁⲛϫⲱ ančō	ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ aletenčō	ⲁⲩϫⲱ aučō	ⲁⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ ale- čō
future	basic	ϯⲛⲉϫⲱ tinečō	ⲕⲛⲉϫⲱ knečō	ⲧⲉⲛⲉϫⲱ tenečō	ϥⲛⲉϫⲱ fnečō	ⲥⲛⲉϫⲱ snečō	ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϫⲱ tennečō	ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϫⲱ tetennečō	ⲥⲉⲛⲉϫⲱ senečō	ⲛⲉϫⲱ nečō
	circumstantial	ⲉⲓⲛⲉϫⲱ einečō	ⲉⲕⲛⲉϫⲱ eknečō	ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉϫⲱ elenečō	ⲉϥⲛⲉϫⲱ efnečō	ⲉⲥⲛⲉϫⲱ esnečō	ⲉⲛⲛⲉϫⲱ ennečō	ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϫⲱ eletennečō	ⲉⲩⲛⲉϫⲱ eunečō	ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϫⲱ ele- nečō
	relative	ⲉϯⲛⲉϫⲱ etinečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉϫⲱ eteknečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϫⲱ etenečō	ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉϫⲱ etefnečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉϫⲱ etesnečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϫⲱ etennečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϫⲱ etetennečō	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉϫⲱ etounečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϫⲱ etele- nečō
	preterite	ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉϫⲱ nainečō	ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉϫⲱ naknečō	ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉϫⲱ nalenečō	ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉϫⲱ nafnečō	ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉϫⲱ nasnečō	ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉϫⲱ nannečō	ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϫⲱ naletennečō	ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉϫⲱ naunečō	ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϫⲱ nale- nečō
	focalising	ⲁⲓⲛⲉϫⲱ ainečō	ⲁⲕⲛⲉϫⲱ aknečō	ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉϫⲱ alenečō	ⲁϥⲛⲉϫⲱ afnečō	ⲁⲥⲛⲉϫⲱ asnečō	ⲁⲛⲛⲉϫⲱ annečō	ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϫⲱ aletennečō	ⲁⲩⲛⲉϫⲱ aunečō	ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϫⲱ ale- nečō
negated with		ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en
non-durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛⲧⲁ	ⲛⲧⲁϥ	ⲛⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛⲧⲁⲩ	-
past	basic affirmative	ⲁⲓϫⲱ aičō	ⲁⲕϫⲱ akčō	ⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ alečō	ⲁϥϫⲱ afčō	ⲁⲥϫⲱ asčō	ⲁⲛϫⲱ ančō	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ atetenčō	ⲁⲩϫⲱ aučō	ⲁ- ϫⲱ a- čō
	basic negative	ⲙⲡⲓϫⲱ mpičō	ⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ mpekčō	ⲙⲡⲉϫⲱ mpečō	ⲙⲡⲉϥϫⲱ mpefčō	ⲙⲡⲉⲥϫⲱ mpesčō	ⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲱ mpenčō	ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ mpetenčō	ⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ mpoučō	ⲙⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ mpe- čō
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓϫⲱ eaičō	ⲉⲁⲕϫⲱ eakčō	ⲉⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ ealečō	ⲉⲁϥϫⲱ eafčō	ⲉⲁⲥϫⲱ easčō	ⲉⲁⲛϫⲱ eančō	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ eatetenčō	ⲉⲁⲩϫⲱ eaučō	ⲉⲁ- ϫⲱ ea- čō
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙⲡⲓϫⲱ empičō	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ empekčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲉϫⲱ empečō	ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϫⲱ empefčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϫⲱ empesčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲱ empenčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ empetenčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ empoučō	ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ empe- čō
	relative affirmative	ⲛⲧⲁⲓϫⲱ ntaičō	ⲛⲧⲁⲕϫⲱ ntakčō	ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ ntalečō	ⲛⲧⲁϥϫⲱ ntafčō	ⲛⲧⲁⲥϫⲱ ntasčō	ⲛⲧⲁⲛϫⲱ ntančō	ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etaletenčō	ⲛⲧⲁⲩϫⲱ ntaučō	ⲛⲧⲁ- ϫⲱ nta- čō
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓϫⲱ etempičō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ etempekčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϫⲱ etempečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϫⲱ etempefčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϫⲱ etempesčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲱ etempenčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etempetenčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ etempoučō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ etempe- čō
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓϫⲱ nneaičō	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕϫⲱ nneakčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ nnealečō	ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥϫⲱ nneafčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥϫⲱ nneasčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛϫⲱ nneančō	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nneatetenčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩϫⲱ nneaučō	ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ϫⲱ nnea- čō
	preterite negative	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓϫⲱ nnempičō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ nnempekčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϫⲱ nnempečō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϫⲱ nnempefčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϫⲱ nnempesčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲱ nnempenčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nnempetenčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ nnempoučō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ nnempe- čō
	focalising affirmative	ⲁⲁⲓϫⲱ aaičō	ⲁⲁⲕϫⲱ aakčō	ⲁⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ aalečō	ⲁⲁϥϫⲱ aafčō	ⲁⲁⲥϫⲱ aasčō	ⲁⲁⲛϫⲱ aančō	ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etaletenčō	ⲁⲁⲩϫⲱ aaučō	ⲁⲁ- ϫⲱ aa- čō
expectative	basic negative	ⲙⲡⲁϯϫⲱ mpatičō	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ mpatekčō	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ mpatečō	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲱ mpatefčō	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ mpatesčō	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ mpatenčō	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ mpatetenčō	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ mpatoučō	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ mpate- čō
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯϫⲱ empatičō	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ empatekčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ empatečō	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲱ empatefčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ empatesčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ empatenčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ empatetenčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ empatoučō	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ empate- čō
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯϫⲱ etempatičō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ etempatekčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ etempatečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲱ etempatefčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ etempatesčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etempatenčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etempatetenčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ etempatoučō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ etempate- čō
	preterite negative	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯϫⲱ nnempatičō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ nnempatekčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ nnempatečō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲱ nnempatefčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ nnempatesčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nnempatenčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nnempatetenčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ nnempatoučō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ nnempate- čō
aorist	basic affirmative	ϣⲁⲓϫⲱ šaičō	ϣⲁⲕϫⲱ šakčō	ϣⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ šalečō	ϣⲁϥϫⲱ šafčō	ϣⲁⲥϫⲱ šasčō	ϣⲁⲛϫⲱ šančō	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ šatetenčō	ϣⲁⲩϫⲱ šaučō	ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ šale- čō
	basic negative	ⲙⲉⲓϫⲱ meičō	ⲙⲉⲕϫⲱ mekčō	ⲙⲉⲗⲉϫⲱ melečō	ⲙⲉϥϫⲱ mefčō	ⲙⲉⲥϫⲱ mesčō	ⲙⲉⲛϫⲱ menčō	ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ meletenčō	ⲙⲉⲩϫⲱ meučō	ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ mele- čō
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉϣⲁⲓϫⲱ ešaičō	ⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲱ ešakčō	ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ ešalečō	ⲉϣⲁϥϫⲱ ešafčō	ⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲱ ešasčō	ⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ ešančō	ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ ešatetenčō	ⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲱ ešaučō	ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ ešale- čō
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙⲉⲓϫⲱ emeičō	ⲉⲙⲉⲕϫⲱ emekčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉϫⲱ emelečō	ⲉⲙⲉϥϫⲱ emefčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲥϫⲱ emesčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲛϫⲱ emenčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ emeletenčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲩϫⲱ emeučō	ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ emele- čō
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓϫⲱ, ⲛϣⲁⲓϫⲱ etešaičō, nšaičō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲱ, ⲛϣⲁⲕϫⲱ etešakčō, nšakčō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ etešalečō, nšalečō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϫⲱ, ⲛϣⲁϥϫⲱ etešafčō, nšafčō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲱ, ⲛϣⲁⲥϫⲱ etešasčō, nšasčō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ, ⲛϣⲁⲛϫⲱ etešančō, nšančō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etešatetenčō, nšatetenčō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲱ, ⲛϣⲁⲩϫⲱ etešaučō, nšaučō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ etešale- čō, nšale- čō
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓϫⲱ etemeičō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕϫⲱ etemekčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉϫⲱ etemelečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥϫⲱ etemefčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥϫⲱ etemesčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛϫⲱ etemenčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etemeletenčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩϫⲱ etemeučō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ etemele- čō
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓϫⲱ nnešaičō	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲱ nnešakčō	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ nnešalečō	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥϫⲱ nnešafčō	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲱ nnešasčō	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ nnešančō	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nnešatetenčō	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲱ nnešaučō	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ nnešale- čō
	preterite negative	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓϫⲱ nnemeičō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕϫⲱ nnemekčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉϫⲱ nnemelečō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥϫⲱ nnemefčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥϫⲱ nnemesčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛϫⲱ nnemenčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nnemeletenčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩϫⲱ nnemeučō	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ nnemele- čō
	focalising affirmative	ⲛⲙⲉⲓϫⲱ nmeičō	ⲛⲙⲉⲕϫⲱ nmekčō	ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉϫⲱ nmelečō	ⲛⲙⲉϥϫⲱ nmefčō	ⲛⲙⲉⲥϫⲱ nmesčō	ⲛⲙⲉⲛϫⲱ nmenčō	ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nmeletenčō	ⲛⲙⲉⲩϫⲱ nmeučō	ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ nmele- čō
optative	basic affirmative	ⲉⲓⲉϫⲱ eiečō	ⲉⲕⲉϫⲱ ekečō	ⲉⲗⲉϫⲱ elečō	ⲉϥⲉϫⲱ efečō	ⲉⲥⲉϫⲱ esečō	ⲉⲛⲉϫⲱ enečō	ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϫⲱ eletenečō	ⲉⲩⲉϫⲱ euečō	ⲉⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ ele- čō
optative	basic affirmative	ⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ nnačō	ⲛⲛⲉⲕϫⲱ nnekčō	ⲛⲛⲉϫⲱ nnečō	ⲛⲛⲉϥϫⲱ nnefčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲥϫⲱ nnesčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲛϫⲱ nnenčō	ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nnetenčō	ⲛⲛⲟⲩϫⲱ nnoučō	ⲛⲛⲉ- ϫⲱ nne- čō
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙⲁⲗⲓϫⲱ maličō	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥϫⲱ malefčō	ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥϫⲱ malesčō	ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛϫⲱ malenčō	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩϫⲱ maloučō	ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ male- čō
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓϫⲱ mpeltričō	(use imperative)		ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥϫⲱ mpeltrefčō	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥϫⲱ mpeltresčō	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛϫⲱ mpeltrenčō	(use imperative)	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩϫⲱ mpeltreučō	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ mpeltre- čō
subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛⲧⲁ	ⲛⲧⲁϥ	ⲛⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛⲧⲁⲩ	-
conjunctive		ⲧⲁϫⲱ, ⲛⲧⲁϫⲱ tačō, ntačō	ⲛⲕϫⲱ nkčō	ⲛⲧⲉϫⲱ ntečō	ⲛϥϫⲱ nfčō	ⲛⲥϫⲱ nsčō	ⲛⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ ntenčō	ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ ntetenčō	ⲛⲥⲉϫⲱ nsečō	ⲛⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ nte- čō
future conjunctive		ⲧⲁⲗⲓϫⲱ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓϫⲱ taličō, ntaličō	ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕϫⲱ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕϫⲱ talekčō, ntalekčō	ⲧⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ talečō, ntalečō	ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥϫⲱ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥϫⲱ talefčō, ntalefčō	ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥϫⲱ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥϫⲱ talesčō, ntalesčō	ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛϫⲱ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛϫⲱ talenčō, ntalenčō	ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ taletenčō, ntaletenčō	ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩϫⲱ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩϫⲱ taloučō, ntaloučō	ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ tale- čō, ntale- čō
precursive		ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓϫⲱ nteličō	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕϫⲱ ntelekčō	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϫⲱ ntelečō	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥϫⲱ ntelefčō	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥϫⲱ ntelesčō	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛϫⲱ ntelenčō	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ nteletenčō	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩϫⲱ nteloučō	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ ntele- čō
limitative		ϣⲁⲛϯϫⲱ šantičō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ šantekčō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϫⲱ šantečō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥϫⲱ šantefčō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ šantesčō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ šantenčō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ šantetenčō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ šantoučō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ šante- čō
conditional	long	ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛϫⲱ eišančō	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϫⲱ ekšančō	ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ elešančō	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϫⲱ efšančō	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϫⲱ esšančō	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϫⲱ enšančō	ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϫⲱ eletenšančō	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϫⲱ eušančō	ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ϫⲱ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ϫⲱ elešan- čō, elšan- čō
conditional	short	ⲁⲓϫⲱ aičō	ⲁⲕϫⲱ akčō	ⲁⲗⲉϫⲱ alečō	ⲁϥϫⲱ afčō	ⲁⲥϫⲱ asčō	ⲁⲛϫⲱ ančō	ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ aletenčō	ⲁⲩϫⲱ aučō	ⲁⲗⲉ- ϫⲱ ale- čō
negated with		ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem-

Conjugation of ϫⲱ (Lycopolitan dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ϫⲱ čō	imperative	affirmative	ϫⲱ čō
infinitive	negative	ⲧⲙ̄ϫⲱ tm̄čō	imperative	negative	ⲙ̄ⲛϫⲱ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲱ m̄nčō, m̄pr̄čō

		singular					plural			nominal
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
present	basic	ϯϫⲱ tičō	ⲕϫⲱ kčō	ⲧⲉϫⲱ tečō	ϥϫⲱ fčō	ⲥϫⲱ sčō	ⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ tn̄čō	ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ tetn̄čō	ⲥⲉϫⲱ sečō	ϫⲱ čō
	circumstantial, focalising	ⲉⲓ̈ϫⲱ eïčō	ⲉⲕϫⲱ ekčō	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ erečō	ⲉϥϫⲱ efčō	ⲉⲥϫⲱ esčō	ⲉⲛϫⲱ enčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etetn̄čō	ⲉⲩϫⲱ eučō	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ ere- čō
	relative	ⲉϯϫⲱ etičō	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ etk̄čō, etekčō	ⲉⲧⲉϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ etečō, eterečō	ⲉⲧϥ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉϥϫⲱ etf̄čō, etefčō	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ ets̄čō, etesčō	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ etn̄čō, etenčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etetn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ etoučō	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ etere- čō, ete- čō
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓ̈ϫⲱ neïčō	ⲛⲉⲕϫⲱ nekčō	ⲛⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ nerečō	ⲛⲉϥϫⲱ nefčō	ⲛⲉⲥϫⲱ nesčō	ⲛⲉⲛϫⲱ nenčō	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ netetn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲩϫⲱ neučō	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ nere- čō
future	basic	ϯⲛⲁϫⲱ tinačō	ⲕⲛⲁϫⲱ knačō	ⲧⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ tenačō	ϥⲛⲁϫⲱ fnačō	ⲥⲛⲁϫⲱ snačō	ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϫⲱ tn̄načō	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱ tetnačō	ⲥⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ senačō	ⲛⲁϫⲱ načō
	circumstantial, focalising	ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϫⲱ eïnačō	ⲉⲕⲛⲁϫⲱ eknačō	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ erenačō	ⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲱ efnačō	ⲉⲥⲛⲁϫⲱ esnačō	ⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ ennačō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱ etetnačō	ⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲱ eunačō	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲱ ere- načō
	relative	ⲉϯⲛⲁϫⲱ etinačō	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁϫⲱ etk̄načō	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ etenačō, eterenačō	ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁϫⲱ etf̄načō	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁϫⲱ ets̄načō	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϫⲱ etn̄načō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱ etetnačō	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϫⲱ etounačō	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲱ etere- načō
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϫⲱ neïnačō	ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁϫⲱ neknačō	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ nerenačō	ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲱ nefnačō	ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁϫⲱ nesnačō	ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ nennačō	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱ netetnačō	ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲱ neunačō	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲱ nere- načō
negated with		ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en
non-durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
past	basic affirmative	ⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ aïčō	ⲁⲕϫⲱ akčō	ⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ arečō	ⲁϥϫⲱ afčō	ⲁⲥϫⲱ asčō	ⲁⲛϫⲱ ančō	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ atetn̄čō	ⲁⲩϫⲱ aučō	ⲁ- ϫⲱ a- čō
	basic negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲓϫⲱ m̄pičō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϫⲱ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ m̄pk̄čō, m̄pekčō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϫⲱ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲱ m̄pečō, m̄pr̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϫⲱ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϥϫⲱ m̄pf̄čō, m̄pefčō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϫⲱ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥϫⲱ m̄ps̄čō, m̄pesčō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛϫⲱ m̄pn̄čō, m̄penčō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ m̄petn̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ m̄poučō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ m̄pe- čō
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ eaïčō	ⲉⲁⲕϫⲱ eakčō	ⲉⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ earečō	ⲉⲁϥϫⲱ eafčō	ⲉⲁⲥϫⲱ easčō	ⲉⲁⲛϫⲱ eančō	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ eatetn̄čō	ⲉⲁⲩϫⲱ eaučō	ⲉⲁ- ϫⲱ ea- čō
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙⲡⲓϫⲱ empičō	ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ empk̄čō, empekčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲉϫⲱ, ⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϫⲱ empečō, empr̄čō	ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ empk̄čō, empekčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϫⲱ emps̄čō, empesčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲱ empn̄čō, empenčō	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ empetn̄čō	ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ empoučō	ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ empe- čō
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ etaïčō, n̄taïčō	ⲉⲧⲁⲕϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϫⲱ etakčō, n̄takčō	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϫⲱϫⲱ etarečō, n̄tačōčō	ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲱ etafčō, n̄tafčō	ⲉⲧⲁⲥϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϫⲱ etasčō, n̄tasčō	ⲉⲧⲁⲛϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϫⲱ etančō, n̄tančō	ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etatetn̄čō, n̄tatetn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲁⲩϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲱ etaučō, n̄taučō	ⲉⲧⲁ- ϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϫⲱ eta- čō, n̄ta- čō
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓϫⲱ etempičō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ etempk̄čō, etempekčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϫⲱ etempečō, etempr̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ etempk̄čō, etempekčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϫⲱ etemps̄čō, etempesčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲱ etempn̄čō, etempenčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etempetn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ etempoučō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ etempe- čō
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ neaïčō	ⲛⲉⲁⲕϫⲱ neakčō	ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ nearečō	ⲛⲉⲁϥϫⲱ neafčō	ⲛⲉⲁⲥϫⲱ neasčō	ⲛⲉⲁⲛϫⲱ neančō	ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ neatetn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲁⲩϫⲱ neaučō	ⲛⲉⲁ- ϫⲱ nea- čō
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓϫⲱ nempičō	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϫⲱ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ nempk̄čō, nempekčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϫⲱ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϫⲱ nempečō, nempr̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϫⲱ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲱ nempk̄čō, nempekčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϫⲱ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϫⲱ nemps̄čō, nempesčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲱ nempn̄čō, nempenčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ nempetn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ nempoučō	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ nempe- čō
	focalising affirmative	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ n̄taïčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϫⲱ n̄takčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ n̄tarečō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲱ n̄tafčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϫⲱ n̄tasčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϫⲱ n̄tančō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ n̄tatetn̄čō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲱ n̄taučō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϫⲱ n̄ta- čō
expectative	basic negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲱ m̄patičō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲱ m̄patk̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ m̄patečō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲱ m̄patf̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲱ m̄pats̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ m̄patn̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ m̄patetn̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ m̄patoučō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ m̄pate- čō
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲱ em̄patičō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲱ em̄patk̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ em̄patečō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲱ em̄patf̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲱ em̄pats̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ em̄patn̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ em̄patetn̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ em̄patoučō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ em̄pate- čō
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲱ etem̄patičō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲱ etem̄patk̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ etem̄patečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲱ etem̄patf̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲱ etem̄pats̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etem̄patn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etem̄patetn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ etem̄patoučō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ etem̄pate- čō
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲱ nem̄patičō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲱ nem̄patk̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ nem̄patečō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲱ nem̄patf̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲱ nem̄pats̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ nem̄patn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ nem̄patetn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ nem̄patoučō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ nem̄pate- čō
aorist	basic affirmative	ϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ šaïčō	ϣⲁⲕϫⲱ šakčō	ϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ šarečō	ϣⲁϥϫⲱ šafčō	ϣⲁⲥϫⲱ šasčō	ϣⲁⲛϫⲱ šančō	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ šatetn̄čō	ϣⲁⲩϫⲱ šaučō	ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ šare- čō
	basic negative	ⲙⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ maïčō	ⲙⲁⲕϫⲱ makčō	ⲙⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ marečō	ⲙⲁϥϫⲱ mafčō	ⲙⲁⲥϫⲱ masčō	ⲙⲁⲛϫⲱ mančō	ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ matetn̄čō	ⲙⲁⲩϫⲱ maučō	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ mare- čō
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ ešaïčō	ⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲱ ešakčō	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ ešarečō	ⲉϣⲁϥϫⲱ ešafčō	ⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲱ ešasčō	ⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ ešančō	ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ ešatetn̄čō	ⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲱ ešaučō	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ ešare- čō
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ emaïčō	ⲉⲙⲁⲕϫⲱ emakčō	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ emarečō	ⲉⲙⲁϥϫⲱ emafčō	ⲉⲙⲁⲥϫⲱ emasčō	ⲉⲙⲁⲛϫⲱ emančō	ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ ematetn̄čō	ⲉⲙⲁⲩϫⲱ emaučō	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ emare- čō
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ etešaïčō, ešaïčō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲱ etešakčō, ešakčō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ etešarečō, ešarečō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁϥϫⲱ etešafčō, ešafčō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲱ etešasčō, ešasčō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ etešančō, ešančō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etešatetn̄čō, ešatetn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲱ etešaučō, ešaučō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ etešare- čō, ešare- čō
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ etemaïčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕϫⲱ etemakčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ etemarečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥϫⲱ etemafčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥϫⲱ etemasčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛϫⲱ etemančō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etematetn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩϫⲱ etemaučō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ etemare- čō
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ nešaïčō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲱ nešakčō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ nešarečō	ⲛⲉϣⲁϥϫⲱ nešafčō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲱ nešasčō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ nešančō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ nešatetn̄čō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲱ nešaučō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ nešare- čō
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ nemaïčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕϫⲱ nemakčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ nemarečō	ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥϫⲱ nemafčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥϫⲱ nemasčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛϫⲱ nemančō	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ nematetn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩϫⲱ nemaučō	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ nemare- čō
	focalising affirmative	ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ emaïčō	ⲉⲙⲁⲕϫⲱ emakčō	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ emarečō	ⲉⲙⲁϥϫⲱ emafčō	ⲉⲙⲁⲥϫⲱ emasčō	ⲉⲙⲁⲛϫⲱ emančō	ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ ematetn̄čō	ⲉⲙⲁⲩϫⲱ emaučō	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ emare- čō
optative	basic affirmative	ⲉⲓ̈ⲁϫⲱ eïačō	ⲉⲕⲁϫⲱ ekačō	ⲉⲣⲁϫⲱ eračō	ⲉϥⲁϫⲱ efačō	ⲉⲥⲁϫⲱ esačō	ⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ enačō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱ etetnačō	ⲉⲩⲁϫⲱ euačō	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ ere- čō
optative	basic affirmative	ⲛⲁϫⲱ načō	ⲛⲉⲕϫⲱ nekčō	ⲛⲉϫⲱ nečō	ⲛⲉϥϫⲱ nefčō	ⲛⲉⲥϫⲱ nesčō	ⲛⲉⲛϫⲱ nenčō	ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ netn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲩϫⲱ neučō	ⲛⲉ- ϫⲱ ne- čō
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙⲁⲣⲓϫⲱ maričō	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲱ marefčō	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲱ maresčō	ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ϫⲱ marn̄čō	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲱ maroučō	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ mare- čō
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲁϫⲱ m̄prtračō	(use imperative)		ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϥϫⲱ m̄prtrefčō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲥϫⲱ m̄prtresčō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲛϫⲱ m̄prtrenčō	(use imperative)	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲩϫⲱ m̄prtreučō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲱⲣⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ m̄pōrte- čō
subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
conjunctive		ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϫⲱ, ⲧⲁϫⲱ n̄tačō, tačō	ⲛ̄ⲅϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲕϫⲱ, ⲕϫⲱ n̄gčō, n̄kčō, kčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϫⲱ, ⲧⲉϫⲱ n̄tečō, tečō	ⲛ̄ϥϫⲱ, ϥϫⲱ n̄fčō, fčō	ⲛ̄ⲥϫⲱ, ⲥϫⲱ n̄sčō, sčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ n̄tn̄čō, tn̄čō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ n̄tetn̄čō, tetn̄čō	ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϫⲱ, ⲥⲉϫⲱ n̄sečō, sečō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ n̄te- čō
future conjunctive		ⲧⲁⲣⲓϫⲱ taričō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϫⲱ tarekčō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ tarečō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲱ tarefčō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲱ taresčō	ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϫⲱ tarn̄čō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ taretn̄čō	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲱ taroučō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ tare- čō
precursive		ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓϫⲱ n̄taričō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϫⲱ n̄tarekčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ n̄tarečō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲱ n̄tarefčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲱ n̄taresčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϫⲱ n̄tarn̄čō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ n̄taretn̄čō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲱ n̄taroučō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ n̄tare- čō
limitative		ϣⲁⲛϯϫⲱ šantičō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ϫⲱ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ šantk̄čō, šantekčō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϫⲱ šantečō	ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ϫⲱ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥϫⲱ šantf̄čō, šantefčō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ϫⲱ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥϫⲱ šants̄čō, šantesčō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ šantn̄čō, šantenčō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ šantetn̄čō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ šantoučō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ šante- čō
conditional	long	ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛϫⲱ eïšančō	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϫⲱ ekšančō	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϫⲱ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ eršančō, erešančō	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϫⲱ efšančō	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϫⲱ esšančō	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϫⲱ enšančō	ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ ešantetn̄čō	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϫⲱ eušančō	ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ, ⲉⲣϣⲁ- ϫⲱ ešante- čō, erša- čō
conditional	short	ⲉⲓ̈ϫⲱ eïčō	ⲉⲕϫⲱ ekčō	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ erečō	ⲉϥϫⲱ efčō	ⲉⲥϫⲱ esčō	ⲉⲛϫⲱ enčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etetn̄čō	ⲉⲩϫⲱ eučō	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ ere- čō
negated with		ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄-

Conjugation of ϫⲱ (Sahidic dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ϫⲱ čō	imperative	affirmative	ϫⲱ čō
infinitive	negative	ⲧⲙ̄ϫⲱ tm̄čō	imperative	negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲱ m̄pr̄čō

		singular					plural			nominal
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ	-
present	basic	ϯϫⲱ tičō	ⲕϫⲱ kčō	ⲧⲉϫⲱ tečō	ϥϫⲱ fčō	ⲥϫⲱ sčō	ⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ tn̄čō	ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ tetn̄čō	ⲥⲉϫⲱ sečō	ϫⲱ čō
	circumstantial, focalising	ⲉⲓ̈ϫⲱ eïčō	ⲉⲕϫⲱ ekčō	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ erečō	ⲉϥϫⲱ efčō	ⲉⲥϫⲱ esčō	ⲉⲛϫⲱ enčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etetn̄čō	ⲉⲩϫⲱ eučō	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ ere- čō
	relative	ⲉϯϫⲱ etičō	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ϫⲱ etk̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ etečō, eterečō	ⲉⲧϥ̄ϫⲱ etf̄čō	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ϫⲱ ets̄čō	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etetn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ etoučō	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ etere- čō
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓ̈ϫⲱ neïčō	ⲛⲉⲕϫⲱ nekčō	ⲛⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ nerečō	ⲛⲉϥϫⲱ nefčō	ⲛⲉⲥϫⲱ nesčō	ⲛⲉⲛϫⲱ nenčō	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ netetn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲩϫⲱ neučō	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ nere- čō
future	basic	ϯⲛⲁϫⲱ tinačō	ⲕⲛⲁϫⲱ knačō	ⲧⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ tenačō	ϥⲛⲁϫⲱ fnačō	ⲥⲛⲁϫⲱ snačō	ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϫⲱ tn̄načō	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱ tetnačō	ⲥⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ senačō	ⲛⲁϫⲱ načō
	circumstantial, focalising	ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϫⲱ eïnačō	ⲉⲕⲛⲁϫⲱ eknačō	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ erenačō	ⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲱ efnačō	ⲉⲥⲛⲁϫⲱ esnačō	ⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ ennačō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱ etetnačō	ⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲱ eunačō	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲱ ere- načō
	relative	ⲉϯⲛⲁϫⲱ etinačō	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁϫⲱ etk̄načō	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ etenačō, eterenačō	ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁϫⲱ etf̄načō	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁϫⲱ ets̄načō	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϫⲱ etn̄načō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱ etetnačō	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϫⲱ etounačō	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲱ etere- načō
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϫⲱ neïnačō	ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁϫⲱ neknačō	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲱ nerenačō	ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲱ nefnačō	ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁϫⲱ nesnačō	ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲱ nennačō	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱ netetnačō	ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲱ neunačō	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϫⲱ nere- načō
negated with		(ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an
non-durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ	-
past	basic affirmative	ⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ aïčō	ⲁⲕϫⲱ akčō	ⲁϫⲱ, ⲁⲣϫⲱ, ⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ ačō, arčō, arečō	ⲁϥϫⲱ afčō	ⲁⲥϫⲱ asčō	ⲁⲛϫⲱ ančō	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ atetn̄čō	ⲁⲩϫⲱ aučō	ⲁ- ϫⲱ a- čō
	basic negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲓϫⲱ m̄pičō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϫⲱ m̄pk̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϫⲱ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲱ m̄pečō, m̄pr̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϫⲱ m̄pf̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϫⲱ m̄ps̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϫⲱ m̄pn̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ m̄petn̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ m̄poučō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ m̄pe- čō
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ eaïčō	ⲉⲁⲕϫⲱ eakčō	ⲉⲁϫⲱ, ⲉⲁⲣϫⲱ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ eačō, earčō, earečō	ⲉⲁϥϫⲱ eafčō	ⲉⲁⲥϫⲱ easčō	ⲉⲁⲛϫⲱ eančō	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ eatetn̄čō	ⲉⲁⲩϫⲱ eaučō	ⲉⲁ- ϫⲱ ea- čō
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϫⲱ em̄pičō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϫⲱ em̄pk̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϫⲱ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲱ em̄pečō, em̄pr̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϫⲱ em̄pf̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϫⲱ em̄ps̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϫⲱ em̄pn̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ em̄petn̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ em̄poučō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ em̄pe- čō
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ entaïčō, n̄taïčō	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϫⲱ entakčō, n̄takčō	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϫⲱ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣϫⲱ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ entačō, n̄tačō, entarčō, n̄tarčō, entarečō, n̄tarečō	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲱ entafčō, n̄tafčō	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϫⲱ entasčō, n̄tasčō	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϫⲱ entančō, n̄tančō	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ entatetn̄čō, n̄tatetn̄čō	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲱ entaučō, n̄taučō	ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϫⲱ enta- čō, n̄ta- čō
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϫⲱ etem̄pičō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϫⲱ etem̄pk̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϫⲱ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲱ etem̄pečō, etem̄pr̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϫⲱ etem̄pf̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϫⲱ etem̄ps̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϫⲱ etem̄pn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etem̄petn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ etem̄poučō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ etem̄pe- čō
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ neaïčō	ⲛⲉⲁⲕϫⲱ neakčō	ⲛⲉⲁϫⲱ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣϫⲱ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ neačō, nearčō, nearečō	ⲛⲉⲁϥϫⲱ neafčō	ⲛⲉⲁⲥϫⲱ neasčō	ⲛⲉⲁⲛϫⲱ neančō	ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ neatetn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲁⲩϫⲱ neaučō	ⲛⲉⲁ- ϫⲱ nea- čō
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϫⲱ nem̄pičō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϫⲱ nem̄pk̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϫⲱ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϫⲱ nem̄pečō, nem̄pr̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϫⲱ nem̄pf̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϫⲱ nem̄ps̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϫⲱ nem̄pn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ nem̄petn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϫⲱ nem̄poučō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϫⲱ nem̄pe- čō
	focalising affirmative	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ n̄taïčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϫⲱ n̄takčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ n̄tačō, n̄tarčō, n̄tarečō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲱ n̄tafčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϫⲱ n̄tasčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϫⲱ n̄tančō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ n̄tatetn̄čō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲱ n̄taučō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϫⲱ n̄ta- čō
expectative	basic negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲱ m̄patičō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲱ m̄patk̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ m̄patečō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲱ m̄patf̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲱ m̄pats̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ m̄patn̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ m̄patetn̄čō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ m̄patoučō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ m̄pate- čō
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲱ em̄patičō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲱ em̄patk̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ em̄patečō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲱ em̄patf̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲱ em̄pats̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ em̄patn̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ em̄patetn̄čō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ em̄patoučō	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ em̄pate- čō
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲱ etem̄patičō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲱ etem̄patk̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ etem̄patečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲱ etem̄patf̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲱ etem̄pats̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etem̄patn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etem̄patetn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ etem̄patoučō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ etem̄pate- čō
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϫⲱ nem̄patičō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϫⲱ nem̄patk̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲱ nem̄patečō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϫⲱ nem̄patf̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϫⲱ nem̄pats̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ nem̄patn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ nem̄patetn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ nem̄patoučō	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ nem̄pate- čō
aorist	basic affirmative	ϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ šaïčō	ϣⲁⲕϫⲱ šakčō	ϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ šarečō	ϣⲁϥϫⲱ šafčō	ϣⲁⲥϫⲱ šasčō	ϣⲁⲛϫⲱ šančō	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ šatetn̄čō	ϣⲁⲩϫⲱ šaučō	ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ šare- čō
	basic negative	ⲙⲉⲓ̈ϫⲱ meïčō	ⲙⲉⲕϫⲱ mekčō	ⲙⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ merečō	ⲙⲉϥϫⲱ mefčō	ⲙⲉⲥϫⲱ mesčō	ⲙⲉⲛϫⲱ menčō	ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ metetn̄čō	ⲙⲉⲩϫⲱ meučō	ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ mere- čō
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ ešaïčō	ⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲱ ešakčō	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ ešarečō	ⲉϣⲁϥϫⲱ ešafčō	ⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲱ ešasčō	ⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ ešančō	ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ ešatetn̄čō	ⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲱ ešaučō	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ ešare- čō
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϫⲱ emeïčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲕϫⲱ emekčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ emerečō	ⲉⲙⲉϥϫⲱ emefčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲥϫⲱ emesčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲛϫⲱ emenčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ emetetn̄čō	ⲉⲙⲉⲩϫⲱ emeučō	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ emere- čō
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ etešaïčō, ešaïčō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲱ etešakčō, ešakčō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ etešarečō, ešarečō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁϥϫⲱ etešafčō, ešafčō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲱ etešasčō, ešasčō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ etešančō, ešančō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etešatetn̄čō, ešatetn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲱ etešaučō, ešaučō	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ etešare- čō, ešare- čō
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϫⲱ etemeïčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕϫⲱ etemekčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ etemerečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥϫⲱ etemefčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥϫⲱ etemesčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛϫⲱ etemenčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etemetetn̄čō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩϫⲱ etemeučō	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ etemere- čō
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϫⲱ nešaïčō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϫⲱ nešakčō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ nešarečō	ⲛⲉϣⲁϥϫⲱ nešafčō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲱ nešasčō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ nešančō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ nešatetn̄čō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲱ nešaučō	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ nešare- čō
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϫⲱ nemeïčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕϫⲱ nemekčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ nemerečō	ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥϫⲱ nemefčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥϫⲱ nemesčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛϫⲱ nemenčō	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ nemetetn̄čō	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩϫⲱ nemeučō	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ nemere- čō
	focalising affirmative	ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϫⲱ emeïčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲕϫⲱ emekčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ emerečō	ⲉⲙⲉϥϫⲱ emefčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲥϫⲱ emesčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲛϫⲱ emenčō	ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ emetetn̄čō	ⲉⲙⲉⲩϫⲱ emeučō	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ emere- čō
optative	basic affirmative	ⲉⲓ̈ⲉϫⲱ eïečō	ⲉⲕⲉϫⲱ ekečō	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ erečō	ⲉϥⲉϫⲱ efečō	ⲉⲥⲉϫⲱ esečō	ⲉⲛⲉϫⲱ enečō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉϫⲱ etetnečō	ⲉⲩⲉϫⲱ euečō	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ ere- čō
optative	basic affirmative	ⲛ̄ⲛⲁϫⲱ n̄načō	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕϫⲱ n̄nekčō	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϫⲱ n̄nečō	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥϫⲱ n̄nefčō	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥϫⲱ n̄nesčō	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛϫⲱ n̄nenčō	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ n̄netn̄čō	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩϫⲱ n̄neučō	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ϫⲱ n̄ne- čō
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙⲁⲣⲓϫⲱ maričō	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲱ marefčō	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲱ maresčō	ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ϫⲱ marn̄čō	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲱ maroučō	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ mare- čō
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁϫⲱ m̄pr̄tračō	(use imperative)		ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥϫⲱ m̄pr̄trefčō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥϫⲱ m̄pr̄tresčō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛϫⲱ m̄pr̄trenčō	(use imperative)	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩϫⲱ m̄pr̄treučō	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ m̄pr̄tre- čō
subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ	-
conjunctive		ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϫⲱ, ⲧⲁϫⲱ n̄tačō, tačō	ⲛ̄ⲅϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲕϫⲱ n̄gčō, n̄kčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϫⲱ n̄tečō	ⲛ̄ϥϫⲱ n̄fčō	ⲛ̄ⲥϫⲱ n̄sčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ n̄tn̄čō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ n̄tetn̄čō	ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϫⲱ n̄sečō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ n̄te- čō
future conjunctive		ⲧⲁⲣⲓϫⲱ taričō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϫⲱ tarekčō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲱ tarečō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲱ tarefčō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲱ taresčō	ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϫⲱ tarn̄čō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ taretn̄čō	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲱ taroučō	ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ tare- čō
precursive		ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓϫⲱ n̄teričō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕϫⲱ n̄terekčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣϫⲱ n̄terečō, n̄tererčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥϫⲱ n̄terefčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥϫⲱ n̄teresčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ϫⲱ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛϫⲱ n̄tern̄čō, n̄terenčō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ n̄teretn̄čō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩϫⲱ n̄teroučō	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ n̄tere- čō
limitative		ϣⲁⲛϯϫⲱ šantičō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ϫⲱ šantk̄čō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϫⲱ šantečō	ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ϫⲱ šantf̄čō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ϫⲱ šants̄čō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ šantn̄čō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ šantetn̄čō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϫⲱ šantoučō	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϫⲱ šante- čō
conditional	long	ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛϫⲱ eïšančō	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϫⲱ ekšančō	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϫⲱ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲱ eršančō, erešančō	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϫⲱ efšančō	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϫⲱ esšančō	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϫⲱ enšančō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛϫⲱ etetn̄šančō	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϫⲱ eušančō	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ϫⲱ eršan- čō
conditional	short	ⲉⲓ̈ϫⲱ eïčō	ⲉⲕϫⲱ ekčō	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲱ erečō	ⲉϥϫⲱ efčō	ⲉⲥϫⲱ esčō	ⲉⲛϫⲱ enčō	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ etetn̄čō	ⲉⲩϫⲱ eučō	ⲉⲣⲉ- ϫⲱ ere- čō
negated with		ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄-

Noun

ϫⲱ • (čō) m (plural (B) ϫⲱⲟⲩⲓ (čōoui))

(Bohairic, Sahidic, Fayyumic) song, singing

Related terms

ϫⲟⲥ (čos, “saying, speech, claim”) (Bohairic)
ⲁⲧϫⲱ (atčō, “ineffable”)
ⲣⲉϥϫⲉ- (refče-, “sayer, speaker”)
ⲣⲉϥϫⲱ (refčō, “singer, minstrel”)
ϭⲓⲛϫⲟⲟⲥ (cinčoos, “saying, speech”)

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

ϫⲟⲩ (čou) — Akhmimic

Noun

ϫⲱ • (čō) m

(Sahidic, Lycopolitan) cup

Etymology 3

Noun

ϫⲱ • (čō)

(Bohairic, Sahidic) alternative form of ϫⲟⲓ (čoi), ϫⲟⲉ (čoe), ϫⲱⲓ (čōi) ("wall")

Etymology 4

Verb

ϫⲱ • (čō)

(Sahidic) alternative form of ϫⲟ (čo, “to put, send forth, spend”)

Etymology 5

Verb

ϫⲱ • (čō)

(Sahidic) alternative form of ϫⲟ (čo, “to sow, plant”)

References

Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
Marcion Coptic dictionary
TLA lemma no. C7089 (ϫⲱ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA), (accessed 2024-09-18).
TLA lemma no. C7091 (ϫⲱ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA), (accessed 2024-09-18).